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Analysis of the species diversity of biotic complexes in the historical and cultural landscape of the I.S. Kozlovskyi memorial museumestate
The article presents the results of a comprehensive inventory and ecological analysis of species diversity within the biotic complexes of the historical and cultural landscape of the I. S. Kozlovsky Memorial Estate-Museum (Marianivka village, Bila Tserkva district, Kyiv region). Under conditions of increasing anthropogenic pressure and urbanization, memorial parks and historic estates perform an important function as ecological “islands” that ensure the preservation of unique phyto- and zoocoenoses. The main objective of the study was a comprehensive assessment of the current state of biodiversity within the site. Field studies were conducted during 2023–2025 on an area of 3.0 hectares using route survey methods, sample plots, structural and comparative floristic analysis, as well as standard zoological and entomological census techniques. It was established that the contemporary flora of higher plants within the memorial estate comprises 219 species. The dendroflora is represented by 69 species, with a pronounced predominance of autochthonous taxa that form a landscape typical of central Ukraine; a sozologically valuable species, the European yew (Taxus baccata), was recorded. The herbaceous layer includes 150 species, among which representatives of the Asteraceae and Poaceae families are dominant. The native fraction accounts for 71.3 %, confirming the preservation of the natural floristic core of the territory under a moderate level of invasive pressure (28.7 % adventive species). Zoological studies have shown that the entomofauna is dominated by polytopic species and phytophages, while the abundance of beneficial insects (pollinators and entomophages) is relatively low. The vertebrate fauna (amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals) is represented by typical forest-steppe taxa with high ecological plasticity. The critically important role of old-growth trees in the park as natural shelters for bats has been demonstrated. It is concluded that the garden and park complexes of the estate-museum function as full-fledged ecosystems. The obtained inventory data can serve as a baseline for long-term ecological monitoring and for the development of scientifically grounded measures aimed at harmoniously combining the preservation of national historical and cultural heritage with effective biodiversity conservation.
Key words: biodiversity, historical and cultural landscape, memorial estate-museum, dendroflora, herbaceous flora, fauna, ecosystem, autochthonous species, urbanized environment, nature conservation.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8485-6134Reference:
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