You are here

Головна » 2026 » AGROBIOLOGY №1 2026

The effect of post-emergence herbicides on the fertility of mother plants and pollen quality in sugar beet seed production

Growing sugar beet seeds is impossible without the use of herbicides. To control weed infestation in commercial sugar beet crops, a number of herbicides are recommended; however, most of them have not been sufficiently studied with regard to their effects on mother roots and seed plants. According to the literature, herbicides exert diverse effects on cultivated plants. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the post-emergence herbicides Betanal Max PRO and Goltix Gold on the ploidy of sugar beet mother plants and pollen grain quality. Significant changes were identified in the cellular system of sugar beet plants, particularly following the application of Betanal Max PRO and Goltix Gold at maximum rates and under their combined use. When mother plants were treated with the maximum recommended herbicide doses, the proportion of diploid plants decreased by 19.6–23.8 %, while the number of mixoploids increased 2.3–3.0 times compared with the control. The smallest alterations in the chromosomal apparatus were observed when mother plants were treated with Betanal Max PRO at a rate of 1 L/ha. In this treatment variant, the proportions of diploids and mixoploids remained at the control level and amounted to 87.5 % and 12.5 %, respectively. Similar results were obtained when Goltix Gold was applied at the minimum recommended rate (1.5 L/ha). The use of post-emergence herbicides on sugar beet mother plants caused significant disturbances in pollen grain quality in the tetraploid multigerm pollinator hybrid Konstanta, especially when increased herbicide rates were applied. An increase in the proportion of deformed pollen grains was observed following the application of maximum herbicide doses. In particular, treatment with Betanal Max PRO at the maximum rate resulted in a 6.6-fold increase in deformed pollen grains and a 3.5-fold increase in non-viable pollen grains compared with the control. Application of Goltix Gold for weed control also led to disturbances in generative development; however, these effects were considerably less pronounced than those observed with Betanal Max PRO at the maximum rate.

Key words: mother roots, seed plants, chromosomal apparatus, pollen viability, pollen size, diploids, tetraploids.

Polischuk V. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2968-8382


Seletskyi V. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4189-0500


Reference: 
1. Nimenko, S.S., Hrabovskyi, M.B. (2023). Vplyv elementiv tekhnolohii na formuvannia ploshchi lystkovoi poverkhni roslyn soi za orhanichnoho vyroshchuvannia [Influence of technological elements on the formation of leaf surface area in organically grown soybeans]. Tavrijs'kyj naukovyj visnyk [Tavriya Scientific Bulletin]. no. 130, рр. 155–163. DOI: 10.32851/2226-0099.2023.130.23
2. Nimenko, S.S., Hrabovskyi, M.B. (2022). Vplyv zakhodiv kontroliuvannia chyselnosti burianiv na fitosanitarnyi stan posiviv soi za orhanichnoho vyroshchuvannia [The impact of weed control measures on the phytosanitary condition of soybean crops in organic farming]. Zroshuvane zemlerobstvo [Irrigated agriculture]. Vol. 78, рр. 69–74. DOI: 10.32848/0135-2369.2022.78.11
3. Ivashchenko, O. (2015). Potentsial ekolohichnoho sposobu kontroliuvannia burianiv [The potential of ecological weed control methods]. Visnyk agrarnoi' nauky [Bulletin of Agricultural Science]. Vol. 93, no. 11, рр. 19–24.
4. Okrushko, S.Y. (2020). Otsinka vplyvu herbitsydiv ta zeastymulinu na zaburianenist ta urozhainist kukurudzy [Assessment of the impact of herbicides and zeastimulin on weed infestation and corn yield]. Sil's'ke gospodarstvo ta lisivnyctvo [Agriculture and Forestry]. no. 17, рр. 95–105. DOI: 10.37128/2707- 5826-2020-2-9
5. Shkatula, Y.M., Palamarchuk A.V. (2015). Vplyv herbitsydiv na zaburianenist ta urozhainist nasinnia horokhu [The effect of herbicides on weed infestation and pea seed yield]. Sil's'ke gospodarstvo ta lisivnyctvo [Agriculture and Forestry]. no. 2, рр. 102–110.
6. Wuu, K.D., Grant, W.F. (1966). Morphological and somatic chromosomal aberrations induced by pesticides in barley (Hordeum vulgare). Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology. Vol. 8, no. 3, рр. 481–501.
7. Kiermaer, O. (1964). The physiologi and biochemistri of gerbizides. London and New York. рр. 207–233.
8. Lisovska, T.P. (2015). Fitotoksychna i mutahenna diia funhitsydu Rydomil-Hold na tsybuliu allium cepa [Phytotoxic and mutagenic effects of Ridomil Gold fungicide on Allium cepa onions]. Ekologichni notatky [Ecological Notes]. Vol. 2, рр. 119–127. 9. Saxena, S. (2022). Chromosomal aberrations in plant bioassays: a review. Plant Archives. Vol. 22, no. 2, 327 p. DOI: 10.51470/PLANTARCHIVES.2022.v22. no2.056
10. Malhorta, S.S., Hanson, S.B. (1992). Plant physiol. no. 41, 6 p.
11. Cherednychok, O.I. (2003). Pokrashchannia biolohichnoi yakosti nasinnia tsukrovykh buriakiv v selektsiinomu protsesi na osnovi doboriv za tsytolohichnymy ta tsytoembriolohichnymy testamy [Improving the biological quality of sugar beet seeds in the breeding process based on selection using cytological and cytoembryological tests]. Zbirnyk naukovyh prac' Instytutu cukrovyh burjakiv UAAN [Collection of scientific works of the Institute of Sugar Beets of the Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences]. no. 5, рр. 32–38.
12. Dale, T.M., Renner, K.A., Kravchenko, A.N. (2006). Effect of herbicides on weed control and sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris) yield and quality. Weed technology. Vol. 20, no. 1, рр. 150–156.
13. Yeshchenko, O.V. (2001). Reaktsiia nasinnykiv biolohichnykh form tsukrovykh buriakiv na herbitsydy: avtoref. dys. kand. s.-h. nauk: 06.01.05 [Reaction of seeds of biological forms of sugar beets to herbicides: abstract of thesis for the degree of Candidate of Agricultural Sciences: 06.01.05]. Kyiv, 21 р.
14. Yeshchenko, O.V. (2001). Reaktsiia nasinnykiv tsukrovykh buriakiv na herbitsydy [Response of sugar beet seeds to herbicides]. Visnyk agrarnoi' nauky [Bulletin of Agricultural Science]. no. 7, рр. 75–76.
15. Stepovyi, M.O., Doronin, V.A. (2013). Yakist pylku tsukrovykh buriakiv za obrobky matochnykiv pislia skhodovymy herbitsydamy [Sugar beet pollen quality when treating seedbeds with post-emergence herbicides]. Zbirnyk naukovyh prac' IBKiCB [Collection of scientific works of the Institute of Biology and Chemistry]. Vol. 17, рр. 300–302.
16. Shyriaieva, E.I. (1975). Vplyv herbitsydiv na makrosporohenez i hametohenez u tsukrovykh buriakiv [Effect of herbicides on macrosporogenesis and gametogenesis in sugar beets]. Cytologija i genetyka [Cytology and Genetics]. Vol. 9, no. 3, рр. 245–250.
17. Hizbullin, N.H., Yeshchenko, A.V. (2001). Produktyvnost nasinnykiv pry zastosuvanni herbitsydiv [Productivity of seed crops when using herbicides]. Cukrovi burjaky [Sugar Beets]. no. 6, рр. 21–22.
18. Kozubov, H.M. (1965). Pro pryskorenyi i nadiinyi metod vyznachennia zhyttiezdatnosti pylku [On an accelerated and reliable method for determining pollen viability]. Botanichnyj zhurnal [Botanical Journal]. Vol. 50, no. 6, рр. 241–252.
19. Yarmoliuk, H.I., Shyriaieva, E.I. (1982). Tsytolohichni ta tsytoembriolohichni doslidzhennia v selektsii tsukrovykh buriakiv. Metodychni rekomendatsii [Cytological and cytoembryological studies in sugar beet breeding: methodological recommendation]. Kyiv, Scientific opinion, 56 р.
20. Doronin, V.A., Kovalchuk, A.O. (2011). Vplyv herbitsydiv na protsesy klitynnoho podilu i yakist nasinnia tsukrovykh buriakiv [Effect of herbicides on cell division processes and sugar beet seed quality]. Visnyk agrarnoi' nauky [Bulletin of Agricultural Science]. no. 9, рр. 19–21.
Download this article: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon polishuk_1-2026.pdf462.96 KB
YEAR: 
2026
AGROBIOLOGY №1 2026