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Influence of green manure predecessors on the yield and grain quality of winter wheat under the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

The relevance of stabilizing yields and improving the quality of winter wheat grain is due to global food security requirements, the need to minimize negative anthropogenic impacts on agroecosystems, and the importance of transitioning to organic farming in Ukraine. A study was conducted on the effect of various green manure crops (peas, spring vetch, oil radish, yellow mustard, and spotted milk thistle) on the yield and quality characteristics of winter wheat grain during 2024–2025 in the conditions of the RightBank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The main objective of the study was to scientifically substantiate the effectiveness of green manure as a biological source of nutrition in the absence of mineral fertilizers and to determine its ability to neutralize the negative correlation between yield and quality. The use of green manure provides a stable and significant increase in winter wheat yield compared to the control (fallow land). Leguminous green manure crops proved to be the most effective (for example, after peas, the yield increase reached 42.6 % in 2025), confirming their importance as a source of biological nitrogen. Leguminous green manure crops also improve grain quality (protein content up to 10.9 %, gluten content up to 14.8 %) and enhance its technological characteristics (moisture content reduced to 12.8 %). At the same time, the use of commercial peas and spotted milk thistle as precursors is considered inappropriate due to a significant decrease in yield (by 14.3 % and 27.6 %, respectively) and deterioration in grain quality. The use of leguminous green manure provides synergistic growth in the quantitative and qualitative indicators of winter wheat, which is important for obtaining high-quality food grain and implementing the principles of organic farming.

Key words: sideration, winter wheat, yield, grain quality, protein, gluten, moisture content, organic farming.

Lishchuk A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8339-9365


Kravchuk Yu. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6878-7700


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AGROBIOLOGY №2 2025