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Features of wheat productivity formation depending on genotype and growing conditions in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

The article presents the results of studies on the peculiarities of wheat yield formation under growing conditions in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe. The aim of the research was to determine the influence of environmental cultivation conditions on wheat grain yield. During 2020–2024, the research was conducted at the “Salyvinkivske” State Agricultural Enterprise, Bila Tserkva district, Kyiv region. Thirty-six winter soft wheat varieties bred by research institutions of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine were studied. Indicators of yield stability and plasticity were determined according to the Eberhart-Russell method, which allows assessing crop productivity level in terms of plasticity (b), reflecting regression to changes in growing conditions, and stability (W) of this response. The most unfavourable conditions for winter wheat grain yield formation were in 2020, when the average yield was 5.62 t/ha. However, domestic varieties that year exceeded the average yield in Ukraine by 1.82 t/ha and the average in Kyiv region by 1.34 t/ha. In 2022, the average grain yield of 7.38 t/ha exceeded the national average by 3.45 t/ha and the average yield in Kyiv region by 3.54 t/ha. The best results were obtained in 2023, when the yield reached 7.98 t/ha. It was 3.34 t/ha higher than the national average and 2.61 t/ha above the average in Kyiv region. It was identified that, on average, the highest-yielding winter wheat varieties were Legenda Bilotserkivska and Okhtyrchanka with yields exceeding 8.0 t/ha. Yields above 7.5 t/ha were also obtained from varieties Pryvitna, Zorepad Bilotserkivskyi, Hratsiia Bilotserkivska, Mudrist Odeska, Optima Odeska, Mariia, and MIP Valensiia. It has been determined that the following winter wheat varieties can be classified as intensive and highly plastic ones in terms of yield: Krayevyd, Kesariia Poliska, Spivanka Poliska, Pryvitna, Legenda Bilotserkivska, Zorepad Bilotserkivskyi, Hratsiia Bilotserkivska, Mudrist Odeska, Optima Odeska, Mariia, Burhunka, MIP Valensiia, Vezha Myronivska, and Okhtyrchanka. Meanwhile, genotypes that do not reduce yield under adverse weather conditions include the following varieties: Berehynia Myronivska, MIP Dniprianka, Hratsiia Myronivska, and Vozdvyzhenka.

Key words: wheat, yield, intensive conditions, environmental limiting factors. 

Kononiuk N. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5313-4999


O. Prisyazhnyuk https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4639-424X


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AGROBIOLOGY №2 2025