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The effectiveness of insecticides using in protecting winter wheat from pests

The article highlights the research results on the clarification of the dominant species and groups from among the most dangerous species of phytophages in the agrocenosis of winter wheat. The field experiment was carried out in the eight-field crop rotation of the ALLC «Cherepin” of Bila Tserkva district, Kyiv region. The yield leve of winter wheat depends on a complex of abiotic and biotic factors, in particular, on the species composition of phytophages, their number and degree of harmfulness. According to the research results it was found that during the phase of ВВСН 9-21 the most harmful was a carabid beetle (Zabrus tenebrioides G.), the number of which was 2,3-7 times higher than the economic threshold of harmfulness. In particular, with the increase in the number of a carabid beetle in the phase of ВВСН 13-21 to 9.5 specimens/m2 , the largest number of damaged plants was found on the control variant – 19 pcs./m2 . The technical efficiency on the variant with the use of the insecticide-protozoan «Cruiser 350 FS» in this phase of growth and development of winter wheat plants was 83,3\%. In the variant with the use of the combined drug «Gaucho Plus 466 FS» this indicator was 100%. In the summer period in the agrocenosis of winter wheat (phase ВВСН 61-79) significant damage to crops was caused by corn-bugs and grain aphids, the number of which exceeded economic threshold of harmfulness by 3,3-4,4 and 1,5-2 times respectively. Technical effectiveness of combined insecticide «Enzhio 247 SC», CS (lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam) against this group of phytophages was 97,1% already 3 days after application, and 100% – after 10 days. Against the complex of grain aphids the insecticide «Engio 247» SC, KS also turned out to be the most effective, since 3 days after the use of the drugs in the experiment the technical efficiency was 93,1%, while in other variants this indicator was at the level of 51,7- 84,0%. The use of the combined insecticide «Engio 247» SC, KS provided reliable protection of winter wheat from carabid beetles and grain aphids, which affected the crop yield, since in this variant this indicator was the highest in the experiment and amounted to 6,54 t/ha.

Key words: winter wheat, agrocenosis, phytophages, abundance, harmfulness, insecticide, technical efficiency.

 

Yakovenko O.


Cherchenko M.


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AGROBIOLOGY №1 2024