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Yield and winter wheat grain quality under the influence of humic acid-based growth stimulants at different levels of mineral nutrition in the Eastern Forest-Steppe region of Ukraine

The article presents the results of a two-year study on the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar application of growth stimulants based on humic substances under different nutrient conditions on the yield and quality of soft winter wheat of the Bogdana variety in the eastern Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine. The research was conducted in 2024 and 2025 within a grain–fallow–row crop rotation at the Department of Plant Production, located at the V.V. Dokuchaev Experimental Field of the State Biotechnological University. The experiment was established using a splitplot design. The main plots (factor A) included two nutrient backgrounds: (1) control (no fertilizers) and (2) application of Makro-star complex fertilizer at a rate of N15P30K20, combined with root fertilization after soil physical maturity using urea at a rate of N50, and foliar feeding with urea at the BBCH 37 growth stage at a rate of N10. The subplots (factor B) included seven treatments involving the use of humic-based growth stimulants for pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar application at the BBCH 31 growth stage. The total plot area was 30 m², and the harvested area was 25 m². Among the studied growth stimulants, the innovative product BlackJack demonstrated the highest efficiency in terms of its effect on grain yield. In the treatments involving seed treatment and foliar application of this product against the background of N75P30K20, grain yield in 2024 and 2025 reached 4.58 and 6.30 t/ha, respectively, exceeding the control by 1.18 and 1.52 t/ha. Pre-sowing seed treatment combined with foliar application of the growth stimulants Potassium Humate and Fulvihum under both nutrient backgrounds also resulted in significantly higher grain yields compared to the control; however, these values were significantly lower than those obtained with BlackJack. Therefore, when selecting humatebased growth stimulants for winter wheat cultivation, preference should be given to BlackJack. Growth stimulants did not have a significant effect on grain protein content; thus, differences in protein yield per hectare were mainly due to variations in grain yield. The highest protein yield per hectare was obtained in the treatment combining pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar application at the BBCH 31 growth stage using BlackJack under N75P30K20 fertilization – 0.664 t/ha in 2024 and 0.869 t/ha in 2025.

Key words: winter wheat, growth stimulants, mineral fertilizers, seed treatment, foliar application, yield, grain quality.

Ivanov S. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6411-8851


Rozhkov A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9138-7973


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2026
AGROBIOLOGY №1 2026