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Tuber formation of different potato varieties in in vitro culture depending on the composition of the nutrient medium and lighting conditions

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of nutrient medium composition and different lighting regimes on the process of tuber formation in various potato varieties under in vitro conditions. The research was conducted at the Department of Biotechnology and Biotechnical Systems of the Institute of Potato Growing of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. The objects of the study were potato varieties bred at the Institute of Potato Growing of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine – Slauta, Kimmeria, and Knyaginya. During the study, biotechnological methods of plant tissue and organ culture were used to obtain and propagate plants in vitro by cuttings in test tube culture on an agarized medium under sterile conditions. The results showed a positive effect of different lighting regimes on plant growth and development in vitro. A certain relationship was established between shoot growth rate and tuber formation. Active tuber formation began when shoot growth slowed down or ceased completely. The first microtubers formed on the 36th day after planting the cuttings in the nutrient medium. Mass formation of microtubers was observed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 100 % macronutrients and 2 mg/L adenine, which stimulates stolon formation and tuber initiation. The microtuber yield was as follows: Kimmeria – 53 % (control 46 %), Knyaginya – 39 % (control 34 %), and Slauta – 37 % (control 35 %). In the H1 medium supplemented with 2 mg/L adenine, the microtuber yield was: Kimmeria – 51 % (control 46 %), Knyaginya – 37 % (control 34 %), and Slauta – 36 % (control 35 %). On average over 2023–2025, the highest percentage of plants forming microtubers after transfer to dark conditions was observed in the Slauta variety (97 % of plants; control 93 %), while the lowest was recorded in the Kimmeria variety (94 % of plants; control 90 %).

Key words: in vitro plants, agarized medium, microtubers, potatoes, macroelements.

Kupriianova T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1039-9348


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YEAR: 
2026
AGROBIOLOGY №1 2026