You are here
Species and quantitative composition of the mycoflora of gray forest soil in intensive horticulture and crop production
The article examines the mycoflora of the soil in different areas of agricultural land use for intensive cultivation of crops. The aim of the article is too study the number of soil mycoflora in different areas of agricultural land use with intensive cultivation of crops (horticulture and feld crop rotations). In the conditions of Vinnytsia region the quantitative and species composition of fungal groups of gray forest soil under intensive horticulture and crop production was studied. Research on microbiological diversity of soils were carried out in the Tivriv district of Vinnytsia region on the example of agricultural land of the LLC «Agro-Etalon». Soil microorganisms are convenient object of observation. Based on the analysis of literature sources, the determining role of microorganisms in maintaining homeostasis, restoring soil fertility and crop formation has been established. The study of the qualitative and quantitative state of the soil microbiota allows to improve the conditions and methods of agriculture in order to improve the state of the soil microbiota, and hence soil fertility. As the result the most common types of soil micromycetes characteristic of both studied objects were identifed. Among them are Penicillium rubrum, P. variabile, P. canescens, Arthrinium phaeospermum, Mortierella alpina, Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride and Fusarium graminear. The structure of the microbial coenosis and the ratio of the number of ecological and trophic groups of microorganisms differ depending on the direction of use of agricultural land. The soils of the apple orchard under intensive horticulture contained a smaller total number of thousands of colony-forming units per gram of soil, saprotrophic fungal species and are represented by a much smaller list of fungal genera compared to the soil under intensive vegetation. At the same time, it should be noted that soils under orchards were characterized by a higher share of pathogenic, potential toxin-forming fungi and antagonist fungi than the total number of isolated fungi compared to soils used under crops.
Key words: soil, fungi, mycoflora, micromycetes, intensive gardening, intensive crop production.
Reference:
1. Demydov, O.A., Dem’janjuk, O.S. (2017). Vplyv agroekologichnyh chynnykiv na vmist mikrobnoi' biomasy u g'runti [Influence of agroecological factors on the content of microbial biomass in soil]. Tavrijs'kyj naukovyj visnyk. Sil's'kogospodars'ki nauky [Tavrian Science Bulletin. Agricultural sciences], no. 97, pp. 39–44.
2. Iutyns'ka, G.O. (2006). Gruntova mikrobiologija: navchal'nyj posibnyk [Soil microbiology]. Kyiv, Aristeas, 284 p.
3. Zabolotnyj, O.I., Zabolotna, A.V. (2014). Mikrobiologichna aktyvnist' g'runtu pry zastosuvanni gerbicydu merlin [Microbiological activity of the soil after using the herbicide Merlin]. Molodyj vchenyj [Young scientist], no. 2(05), pp. 16–20.
4. Volkogon, V.V., Nadkernychna, O.V., Tokmakova, L.M., Mel’nychuk, T.M., Chaykovs’ka, L.O. (2010). Eksperymental'na g'runtova mikrobiologija: monografja [Experimental soil microbiology]. Kyiv, Agrarian Science, 464 p.
5. Kurdysh, I.K. (2009). Rol' mikroorganizmiv u vidtvorenni rodjuchosti gruntiv [The role of microorganisms in the reproduction of soil fertility]. Sil's'kogospodars'ka mikrobiologija [Agricultural microbiology], no. 9, pp. 7–32.
6. Kovalenko, A.M., Kuc, G.M., Novohyzhnij, M.V., Kovalenko, O.A., Tymoshenko, G.Z. (2019). Vplyv sivozmin na mikrofloru zroshuvanogo temnokashtanovogo g'runtu [Influence of crop rotations on the microflora of irrigated dark chestnut soil]. Aktual'ni pytannja sil's'kogospodarskoi' mikrobiologii': materialy Vseukrayinsʹkoyi nauk.-prakt. konferentsii [Current issues of agricultural microbiology: Proceedings of the All-Ukrainian scientifc-practical conference]. Chernihiv, pp. 53–55.
7. Kovalenko, A.M., Kuc, G.M. (2015). Zroshennja i sivozminy jak faktor vplyvu na mikrofloru g'runtu [Irrigation and crop rotations as a factor of influence on the soil microflora]. Evoljucija g'runtiv Ukrai'ny pid vplyvom antropogennoi' dijal'nosti: materialy Vseukrayinsʹkoyi naukovo-praktychnoyi konferentsiyi [Evolution of soils of Ukraine under the influence of anthropogenic activity: materials of the All-Ukrainian Scientifc and Practical Conference]. Kherson, no. 9, pp. 29‒34.
8. Marchenko, A.B. (2016). Bioekologichni pidhody do upravlinnja ftosanitarnym stanom agrobiocenoziv Callistephus chinensis L. Nees.: monohrafja [Bioecological approaches to phytosanitary management of agrobiocenoses of Callistephus chinensis L. Nees.]. Bila Tserkva, 226 p.
9. Demydenko, O.V. (2021). Korelyatsiyni zv’yazky fziolohichnykh hrup mikroorhanizmiv z pokaznykamy rodyuchosti chornozemu opidzolenoho za riznykh system udobrennya [Correlation relations of physiological groups of microorganisms with fertility indicators of podzolic chernozem under different fertilizer systems]. Visnyk ahrarnoyi nauky [Bulletin of Agricultural Science], no. 4(817), pp. 20‒27. DOI: 10.31073/agrovisnyk202104-03
10. Malynovs'ka, I.M., Tkachenko, M.A., Sachok, V.G., Skumina, M.O. (2014). Vplyv agrotekhnichnyh zahodiv na mikrobni ugrupuvannja sirogo lisovogo g'runtu [Influence of agrotechnical measures on microbial groups of gray forest soil]. Problemy ekologichnoi' biotehnologii' [Problems of ecological biotechnology], no. 1.
11. Rjeznik, S.V. (2021). Vplyv riznyh system zemlerobstva na ekologo-trofchni ugrupuvannja mikroorganizmiv chornozemiv typovyh v umovah livoberezhnogo Lisostepu Ukrai'ny [Influence of different systems of agriculture on ecological and trophic groups of microorganisms of typical chernozems in the conditions of the left-bank Foreststeppe of Ukraine]. Sil's'kogospodars'ka mikrobiologija [Agricultural microbiology], no. 33, pp. 62‒71. DOI: 10.35868/1997-3004.33.62-71
12. Taranenko, A.O. (2014). Riznomanitnist' g'runtovoi' bioty v umovah g'runtovoklimatychnyh zon Poltavs'koi' oblasti [Diversity of soil biota in the conditions of soil-climatic zones of Poltava region]. Zbirnyk naukovyh prac' Umans'kogo nacional'nogo universytetu sadivnyctva [Collection of scientifc works of Uman National University of Horticulture], no. 84, pp. 100‒107. Available at: https://journal.udau. edu.ua/assets/fles/84/agro/ukr/14_ooooooooo.pdf
13. Korinovs'ka, O.M., Gryshko, V.M. (2012). Zagal'na harakterystyka chysel'nosti ta vydovogo skladu mikromicetiv v g'runtah zabrudnenyh spolukamy vazhkyh metaliv [General characteristics of the number and species composition of micromycetes in soils contaminated with heavy metal compounds]. Naukovyj visnyk Chernivec'kogo universytetu. Biologija (Biologichni systemy) [Scientifc Bulletin of Chernivtsi University. Biology (Biological systems)], no. 4 (2), pp. 176‒179.
14. Rieznik, S.V. (2019). Zminy ekolohotrofchnykh uhrupuvan’mikroorhanizmiv chornozemiv typovykh za riznykh system zemlerobstva [Changes of ecological-trophic groups of microorganisms of chornozems typical for various farming systems]. Visnyk Kharkivs’koho natsional’noho ahrarno-ho universytetu imeni V. V. Dokuchayeva. Gruntoznavstvo, ahrokhimiya, zemlerobstvo, lisove hospodarstvo, ekolohiya gruntiv [Bulletin of V.V. Dokuchaev Kharkiv National Agrarian University. Soil Science, Agrochemistry, Agriculture, Forestry, Soil Ecology], no. 1, pp. 69‒74.
15. Demʹyanyuk, O.S., Sherstoboyeva, O.V., Demydov, O.A. (2016). Biolohichna aktyvnistʹ chornozemu typovoho zalezhno vid vydu orhanichnoho substratu orhano-mineralʹnoyi systemy udobrennya [Biological activity of typical chernozem depending on the type of organic substrate of the organic and mineral fertilizer system]. Visnyk Zhytomyrsʹkoho natsionalʹnoho ahroekolohichnoho universytetu [Bulletin of Zhytomyr National Agroecological University], no. 2 (1), pp. 17–25.
16. Taranenko, S.V. (2015). Vplyv riznyh tehnologij vyroshhuvannja kukurudzy na g'runtovi mikroorganizmy [Influence of different technologies of corn cultivation on soil microorganisms]. Naukovi dopovidi NUBiP [Scientifc reports of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences], no. 2 (20). Available at: http :// www.nbuv.gov.ua/e-journals/ nd/2015-2/09svmdrb.Pdf
17. Patyka, V.P., Taranenko, S.V., Taranenko, A.O., Kalinichenko, A.V. (2014). Mikrobnyj biom riznyh g'runtiv i g'runtovo-klimatychnyh zon Poltavs'koi' oblasti [Microbial biome of different soils and soilclimatic zones of Poltava region]. Mikrobiologichnyj zhurnal [Microbiological Journal], no. 5, pp. 20‒25.
18. DSTU GOST 17.4.4.02-2019. Ohorona dovkillja. Jakist' g'runtu. Metody vidbyrannja ta pidgotuvannja prob dlja himichnogo, bakteriologichnogo, gel'mintologichnogo analizu [State Standard 17.4.4.02-2019. Environment protection. Soil quality. Methods of sampling and preparation of samples for chemical, bacteriological, helminthological analysis. Effective from 2019–04–01 ofcial publication]. Kyiv, UkrNDNTs, 13 p.
19. Razanov, S.F., Mel'nyk, V.O., Nazaruk, B.V., Kucenko, M.I. (2021). Ocinka agroekologichnogo skladu siryh lisovyh g'runtiv za riznogo sil's'kogospodars'kogo vykorystannja [Assessment of agro-ecological composition of gray forest soils under the different agricultural uses]. Zbalansovane pryrodokorystuvannja [Balanced nature management], no. 1, pp. 146‒153. DOI: 10.33730/2310-4678.1.2021.231901
20. Ternovyj, Ju.V., Gavryljuk, L.V., Ostapjuk, N.A. (2018). Mikobiota nasinnja gibrydiv soi' za organichnoi' tehnologii' vyroshhuvannja [Mycobiota seeds of soybean hybrids by organic cultivation technology]. Ekologichna bezpeka ta zbalansovane pryrodokorystuvannja v agropromyslovomu vyrobnyctvi: materialy Mizhnar. nauk.-prakt. konf. [Ecological safety and balanced nature management in agro-industrial production: materials Intern. scientifcpractical conf.]. Kyiv, pp. 155‒158.
21. Gavryljuk, L.V., Kosovs'ka, N.A., Parfenjuk, A.I. (2019). Fiziologo-biohimichni vlastyvosti Fusarium graminearum Schw. za vplyvu ekzometabolitiv roslyn riznyh sortiv soi' [Physiological and biochemical properties of Fusarium graminearum Schw. under the influence of plant metabolites of different soybean varieties]. Aktual'ni pytannja sil's'kogospodars'koi' mikrobiologii': materialy Vseukr. naukovo-prakt. konf. [Current issues of agricultural microbiology: materials All-Ukrainian. scientifc-practical conf.]. Chernihiv, pp. 15–18.
22. Ceci, A., Pinzari F., Russo, F., Maggi, O., Persiani, A.M. (2018). Saprotrophic soil fungi to improve phosphorus solubilisation and release: In vitro abilities of several species. Ambio. 47(Suppl 1):30‒40. DOI: 10.1007/s13280-017-0972-0
23. Radchenko, O.S., Stepura, L.G., Dombrovs'ka, I.V. (2011). Praktykum iz zagal'noi' mikrobiologii' [Workshop on general microbiology]. Kyiv, Phytosociocenter, 168 p.
24. Zdorovyi grunt – zaporuka harnykh urozhaiv! «Maisternia ahrariia»: periodychne vydannia TOV «Synhenta» [Healthy soil is the key to good harvests! «Agricultural Workshop»: a periodical of «Syngenta»]. Available at: https://www.syngenta.ua/sites/g/fles/ zhg666/f/2021/11/28/ma_2021_no_3.pdf.
Download this article:
| Attachment | Size |
|---|---|
 razanov_2022-1-63-70.pdf | 464.75 KB |
YEAR: