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Spatial and structural features of pine forests and their impact on stem pests abundance

The article provides detailed analysis of the impact of spatial and structural characteristics of pine forests on the population dynamics of stem pests under various natural environments. The most dangerous among the phytophagous insects are the large pine weevil (Hylobius abietis), the black (Hylastes ater), the matted weevil (H. opacus), and the Ukrainian (H. angustatus) root beetles, as well as the red-haired pine bark beetle (Hylurgus ligniperda), which quickly colonizes weakened areas. In accordance with the stated objective of the work the patterns of spatial distribution of pests were analyzed depending on the type of forest site conditions, stand density, and age structure of pine plantations. It has been established that the highest number of phytophages is typical for the forest-steppe part of the region, especially in fresh subor-type pine forests, and the highest level of defoliation is observed among trees with thin root collars and insufficiently developed mechanical tissue. Additionally, the influence of crop attractiveness and microclimatic factors (insolation, humidity, windbreaks, uneven soil cover) on pine pest infestation was characterized.
It has been proven that structurally stable and mixed-aged stands are more resistant to biotic threats and can partially contain outbreaks of mass reproduction. The spatial mosaicity of forest communities may act either as a barrier or as a favorable environment for the spread of phytophagous species, which highlights the importance of considering spatial and structural characteristics in forest management planning and monitoring Future research should be based on implementing optimization-oriented silvicultural measures, taking into account spatial factors to minimize the risk of mass outbreaks of stem pests under conditions of climate change and growing environmental instability.

Key words: pine forest, structural stability, pine phytophages, population dynamics, stand resistance, spatial parameters.

Sytnyk O. https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2637-1849


Kimeichuk I. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9100-1206


Hornovska S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8244-3523


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AGROBIOLOGY №2 2025