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Productivity of leaf mustard plants depending on different seed sowing rates combinations and row spacing in the conditions of the North-Eastern Steppe of Ukraine

The article present the research results on the influence of different seed sowing rate combinations and row spacing on the elements of plant productivity and the biological yield of leaf mustard seeds in the conditions of the North-Eastern of Ukraine. The goal of research was to evaluate the complex impact of seed sowing rate combinations and row width on the elements of plant productivity and to determine the best options for obtaining the highest biological yield of leaf mustard seeds. The researches were conducted in 2020, 2021 and 2023 on the basis of farm enterprise «Kyrychenko M» of Boriv district, Kharkiv region. The multi-factor experiment was carried out using the method of split plots in three repetitions. The plots of the first order were two varieties of leaf mustard (factor A): «Prima» and «Felicia», of the second order – three variants of row spacing (factor B): 15, 30 and 45 cm, and of the third order – five variants of sowing seeds rate (factor C): 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2.0 and 2.2 million pcs./ha. The experiment was carried out in three repetitions. The area of the sowing plot was 72m2. In terms of plant productivity of both mustard varieties the advantage was given to the options for seed sowing rates combining of 1.4 and 1.6 million pcs/ha with row spacing of 15 cm. In particular the number of pods per plant on these variants in the «Prima» and «Felicia» mustard varieties was 59.4 and 58.1 pcs., the number of seeds in a pod – 11.8 and 10.7 pcs., the number of seeds per plant – 689-700 and 624 pcs., seed weight of one plant is 2.24-2.29 and 1.96-1.97 g, respectively. The highest biological seed yield in the experiment – 2.29 t/ha – was obtained from «Prima» mustard variety in the combination of the seed sowing rate of 1.6 million pcs./ha with 15 cm 205 between rows. A further increase in the sowing rate led to its insignificant decrease. The «Felitsia» mustard variety has the highest biological yield – 2.25 t/ha, formed with the same row spacing, but with a higher seeding rate – 2.0 million pcs./ha. However there was no significant difference in this indicator compared to the seed sowing rate of 1.8 million pcs./ha, which indicates the impracticality of its increasing to 2.0 million pcs./ha.

Key words: leaf mustard, seed sowing rate, variety, biological seed yield, row spacing, productivity elements.

 

Rozhkov A.


Kyrychenko M.


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AGROBIOLOGY №1 2024