You are here

Головна » 2019 » AGROBIOLOGY №2 2019

The nutritional regime of ordinary chernozem depending on the methods of its processing and fertilizers in the Northern Steppe of Ukraine

Recently, negative processes have been spreading in Ukraine related to the deterioration of the economic situation, the rapid increase in the prices of mineral fertilizers and the limitation of their use, the reduction in the volume of traditional organic fertilizers, and the replacement of traditional tillage on systems with moldboard-free and other resource-saving ones. The consequences of this is loss of soil fertility. The global climate changes observed in Ukraine, which directly affect the vegetation and soil formation processes contributes to the consequences as well.  Consequently, there is a need for further and more detailed study of the impact of various tillage systems and fertilizers on soil fertility to prevent negative processes in it and to develop measures for adapting agriculture in accordance with climatic and socio-economic realities.

Studying the influence of primary processing methods and fertilizers on the fertility indicators of common black soil in a field rotation link: winter wheat after corn MVR (milk-wax ripeness) – peas – winter wheat in the Northern Steppe of Ukraine to prevent negative phenomena associated with modern soil formation processes, and, in the future, the development of scientifically based recommendations on the cultivation of these crops in the new socio-economic and climatic conditions.

The studied methods for treating ordinary heavy loamy chernozem in the field rotation link: winter wheat on corn MVR – peas – winter wheat on the background of dump plowing for corn in the Northern Steppe of Ukraine have a different effect on its nutritional regime. The treatment, based on loosening without dump, improves the agrochemical parameters of the arable layer, contributes to an increase in the amount of nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus and exchange potassium in the soil layer of 0-30 cm compared to plowing. Background plowing for maize in crop rotation reduces drastic differentiation by nutrients by soil profile. The use of mineral fertilizers (recommended in the region: for peas – N45P35K15, winter wheat – N60P60K30; calculated for the planned crop: respectively, N50P30K20 and N90P80K70) contributes to an increase in the content of nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus and exchange potassium in the 0-30 cm layer in the studied options and increase crop productivity. Changes in the agrochemical parameters of the soil did not result in the appearance of a significant difference in their yield on the treatment options.

Key words: soil, processing, fertilizers, nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, exchange potassium, crop rotation.

 

Medvedev E.


Reference: 
1. Maliyenko, A.M., Tarariko, N.M., Havrylov, S.O., Brukhalʹ, F.Y., Kolomiyetsʹ, V.M. (2008). Metodychni rekomendatsiyi i prohrama doslidzhenʹ z obrobitku hruntu [Methodical recommendations and program of research on tillage]. Chabany, 86 p.
2. Denisenko, A.I., Mikhaylichenko, Ye.N., Berezhnoy, A.L. (2001). Vliyaniye adaptivnykh pochvozashchitnykh tekhnologiy na plodorodiye pochvy i kachestvo urozhaya v pochvozashchitnykh sevooborotakh Donbassa [Influence of adaptive soil-protective technologies on soil fertility and crop quality in soil-protective crop rotation in the Donbass]. Visnyk Dnipropetrovsʹkoho DAU [Bulletin of the Dnipropetrovsk SAU], no. 1, pp. 54–56.
3. Holovanʹ, O.A., Shubin, V.P. (2002). Efektyvnistʹ mulʹchuyuchoho obrobitku hruntu pid sonyashnyk na chornozemakh Stepu [Efficiency of mulch tillage on sunflower on the steppe chernozem]. Materialy vseukrayinsʹkoyi naukovo-praktychnoyi konferentsiyi molodykh vchenykh i spetsialistiv v Ukrayini [Proceedings of the All-Ukrainian Scientific and Practical Conference of Young Scientists and Specialists in Ukraine]. Dnipropetrovsk, pp. 90–91.
4. Cheryachukin, M.I. (2003). Efektyvnistʹ minimilizatsiyi obrobitku hruntu v umovakh Kirovohradsʹkoyi oblasti. [Efficiency of minimization of tillage in the conditions of the Kirovograd region]. Ahrokhimiya i hruntoznavstvo [Agrochemistry and soil science], Issue 64, pp. 68–76.
5. Zakharova, V.O. (2010). Aktualʹni pytannya obrobitku hruntu v sivozminakh za umov pivdennoho Stepu Ukrayiny [Topical issues of soil cultivation in crop rotation under conditions of the southern steppe of Ukraine]. Visnyk Dnipropetrovsʹkoho DAU [Bulletin of the Dnipropetrovsk SAU], no. 2, pp. 48–50.
6. Rybina, V.M., Chyzhova, M.S., Denysenko, A.I., Matychak, H.P. (2009). Vplyv bezpolytsevoho obrobitku na pozhyvnyy rezhym erodoanoho chonozemu [Impact of non-pollen cultivation on the nutrient regime of eroded chonosome]. Tavriysʹkyy naukovyy visnyk [Taurian Scientific Bulletin], Issue 62, pp. 31–35.
7. Tsylyuryk, O.I., Sudak, V.M. (2013). Mulʹchuvalʹnyy obrobitok hruntu pid sonyashnyk [Mulching tillage under sunflower]. Ahronom [Agronomist], no. 4 (42), pp. 84–88.
8. Tsylyuryk, O.I. (2008). Efektyvnistʹ chystoho paru za riznykh sposobiv obrobitku v Stepu Ukrayiny [Efficiency of Pure Steam for Different Processing Methods in the Steppe of Ukraine]. Byuletenʹ Instytutu zernovoho hospodarstva UAAN [Bulletin of Institute of grain farming of the UAAS], no. 33–34, pp. 77–81.
9. Dranishchev, M.I., Tokarenko, V.M., Baranovskyy, O.V., Timoshyn, M.M. (2009). Vplyv sposobiv osnovnoho obrobitku hruntu pid chystyy par na pozhyvnyy rezhym, yakistʹ zerna ozymoyi pshenytsi ta ekonomichni pokaznyky [Influence of methods of basic tillage under pure steam on the nutritional regime, quality of winter wheat grain and economic indicators]. Zbirnyk naukovykh pratsʹ Luhansʹkoho NAU [Collection of scientific works of Lugansk NAU], no. 100, pp. 60–63.
10. Medved', V.A., Kirchuk, I.S. (2005). Pitatel'nyy rezhim pochvy v zavisimosti ot predshestvennikov, sposobov yeye obrabotki i udobreniy pod posevami ozimoy pshenitsy [Nutrient regime of the soil, depending on the predecessors, methods of its processing and fertilizers under crops of winter wheat]. Vísnik agrarnoí̈ nauki pívdennogo regíonu [Bulletin of agricultural science of the southern region], Issue 6, pp. 69–75.
11. Dospekhov, B.A. (1985). Metodika polevogo opyta (s osnovami statisticheskoy obrabotki rezul’tatov issledovaniy) [Methodology of field experience (with the basics of statistical processing of research results)]. Moscow, Agropromizdat, 351 p.
12. Radov, A.S., Pustovoy, I.V., Korol'kov, A.V. (1985). Praktikum po agrokhimii [Workshop on agrochemistry]. Moscow, Agropromizdat, 312 p.
13. Ahroklimatychnyy dovidnyk po Luhansʹkiy oblasti (1986–2005 rr.). [Agro-climatic reference book on Lugansk region (1986–2005)] (2011). Lugansk, Virtual Reality, 216 p.
14. Yagodin, B.A., Smirnov, P.M, Peterburgskiy, A.V., Asarov, KH. K., Demin, V.A., Pleshkov, B.P., Reshetnikova, N.V. (1982). Agrokhimiya [Agricultural chemistry]. Moscow, Kolos, 574 p.
15. Boyko, M.V. (2006). Vmist osnovnykh elementiv zhyvlennya u hrunti pid kukurudzoyu na sylos zalezhno pryyomiv osnovnoho obrobitku hruntu i dobryv [Content of basic nutrients in soil under corn on silage depending on the methods of basic tillage and fertilizers]. Kormy i kormovyrobnytstvo [Feed and feed production], Issue 56, pp. 11–15.
16. Budʹonnyy, YU.V., Popov, S.I. (2007). Vplyv sposobiv osnovnoho obrobitku hruntu na umovy formuvannya urozhayu ozymoyi pshenytsi v skhidnomu Lisostepu Ukrayiny [Influence of the methods of basic tillage on the conditions of winter wheat crop formation in the eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine]. Byuletenʹ Instytutu zernovoho hospodarstva UAAN [Bulletin of Institute of grain farming of the UAAS], no. 30, pp. 34–39.
17. Karabach, K.S. (2010). Vplyv system obrobitku hruntu ta udobrennya na yoho fosfatni pokaznyky [Influence of soil tillage systems and fertilizers on its phosphate parameters]. Visnyk ahrarnoyi nauky [Bulletin of agrarian science], no. 2,
pp. 63–65.
18. Medvedyev, E.B. (2018). Vplyv sposobiv obrobitku i dobryv na rodyuchistʹ hruntu ta urozhaynistʹ silʹskohospodarsʹkykh kulʹtur v umovakh pivnichnoyi chastyny Donetsʹkoho kryazhu [Influence of cultivation methods and fertilizers on soil fertility and crop yield of crops in the conditions of the northern part of the Donetsk ridge]. Zernovi kulʹtury [Grain crops], no. 2, pp. 314–323.
 
Download this article: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon medvedev_2_2019.pdf276.74 KB
YEAR: 
2019
AGROBIOLOGY №2 2019