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Mustard seeds yield depends on the mineral fertilizers application

According to the research results, the formation features of yield structure elements and mustard seeds yield depending on the application of mineral fertilizers were revealed. It has been established that phosphorus-potassium fertilizers application both basal one and together with foliar fertilization with nitrogen fertilizers, provided a significant increase in plant height in all phenological phases of developmental stages of mustard plants. The increase in plant height was significantly smaller in the control, and the largest – with the combined application of basal fertilizer with the norm of P45K45 and twotime foliar fertilization with nitrogen fertilizers – N15 during the shoots and N30 in the rosette-stalking phase, which was 36.1 cm or was greater by 9, 4 cm or 35.2% than in the control. The research has been established that under the influence of mineral fertilizers the crop structure parameters increased both compared to the control – without fertilizers, and depending on the basal fertilizer and foliar feeding. The largest number of stems and pods on the plant respectively – 6.0 and 105.9 pcs. – was formed under the basal fertilization with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers and double foliar feeding with nitrogen fertilizers at seedlings and in the rosette-stalking phase. Mineral fertilizers application ensured a significant yield enhancement of mustard seeds compared to the control – without fertilizers. On average, of all varieties over four years, the seeds yield in the control was 1.17 t/ha, while it increased by 0.32 t/ha and amounted to 1.49 t/ha when adding P45K45 to the main fertilizer. It was the largest when using the basal fertilizer application double feeding together. In order to increase the mustard seeds yield during its cultivation in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe it is advisable to add P45K45 to the basal fertilizer and carry out double feeding with nitrogen fertilizers on seedlings at the rate of N15 and at the rosette-shooting stage at the rate of N30, which ensures high mustard seeds productivity.

Key words: yield, basal fertilizer, foliar feeding, biometric indicators, sum of active temperatures.

 

Mykolaiko I.


Karpuk L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5860-5286


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AGROBIOLOGY №1 2024