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INHERITANCE AND GRAIN WEIGHT TRANSGRESSIVE VARIABILITY PER PLANT IN HYBRID WINTER WHEAT (T. AESTIVUM L.), OBTAINED FROM THE HYBRIDIZATION OF VARIOUS ECOTYPES
The peculiarities of grain weight inheritance per plant in the F1 soft winter wheat hybrids is highlighted. It has been found out that grain weight inheritance per plant in first generation hybrids in most combinations develops on the type of positive overdominance. The degree of phenotypic dominance (hр) was 1.4-64.0. True heterosis for grain weight per plant was observed in nine of the ten F1 hybrids with the index of 41.1-68.9 %. The frequency of positive transgressive recombinants by crop grain weight in F2 hybrids, obtained by crossing the steppe and forest-steppe ecotypes was 36.0-80.2 %. The highest number of the positive transgressions in hybrid populations obtained with crossing remote eco-geographical forms, was observed in Haytun / Olesya and Haytun / Bilotserkivska, semi-dwarf populations – 68.8 and 57.1 % respectively.
Key words: soft winter wheat, the grain weight per plant, ecotypes, crossbreeding combinations, hybrids, inheritance, he-terosis, dominance degree, transgressions degree and frequency.
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