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Grain and by-product yields of corn hybrids from different maturity groups depending on the effects of foliar fertilization and weather conditions

This article presents the results of a two-year study on the effects of foliar applications of various combinations of water-soluble compound fertilizers and anti-stress agents on grain yield, by-product biomass, and harvest index of maize hybrids of different maturity groups under the conditions of the RightBank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The research was conducted in 2024–2025 at the “Horizon-2” agricultural farm in Bila Tserkva district of the Kyiv region. The experiment was established using a splitplot design with four replications. The main plots (factor A) included three maize hybrids of different maturity groups: ‘P7818’ (FAO 240), ‘DKS3730’ (FAO 280), and ‘DKS4541’ (FAO 380). The subplots (factor B) consisted of seven variants of foliar fertilization based on different combinations of water-soluble compound fertilizers and anti-stress agents. Foliar applications were carried out at growth stages BBCH 14–16 and 16–18. The sowing plot area was 140 m², and the accounting (harvested) plot area was 100 m². The highest grain yield and by-product biomass were obtained under a treatment that included two foliar applications at BBCH 14–16 and 16–18 using a tank mixture of urea (N10), the complex fertilizer Nanovit (for maize) at a rate of 1.5 L/ha, the anti-stress agent Quantum AminoMax at 1.0 L/ha, and the zinc-containing fertilizer Partner (applied during the first foliar treatment) at 1.0 L/ha. In this treatment, the average grain yield over the two years reached 5.36 t/ha for ‘P7818’, 5.79 t/ha for ‘DKS3730’, and 6.63 t/ha for ‘DKS4541’. The addition of the zinc fertilizer Partner to the tank mixture during the second foliar application did not result in a further increase in grain yield or by-product biomass. The application of two foliar treatments with all tested product combinations resulted in a decrease in the harvest index, indicating that biomass accumulation outpaced grain yield formation. On average over the study years, in treatments with two foliar applications, the harvest index of hybrids ‘P7818’, ‘DKS3730’, and ‘DKS4541’ was 0.390, 0.388, and 0.379, respectively, which is 2.7 %, 2.0 %, and 2.5 % lower than in the control.

Key words: maize, hybrid, compound fertilizers, anti-stress agents, foliar fertilization, grain yield, harvest index.

Storozhenko V. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3413-0196


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YEAR: 
2026
AGROBIOLOGY №1 2026