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Features of flowering and fruiting of Fraxinus excelsior L. in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

The study of the growth and development features of the generative organs of Fraxinus excelsior L. in the parklands of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine has not been carried out, therefore, their study is relevant. To solve this scientific problem, the peculiarities of flowering and fruiting of common ash were studied in the plantings of the National Dendrological Park "Sofiyivka" of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and on the territory of the Uman National University of Horticulture. Based on the research, the periods and duration of swelling of the buds and bud bursting, budding, flowering, fruit setting, ripening and their falling, the frequency of fruiting of F. excelsior trees were established. It was found that bud swelling begins in the first and second ten-day periods of April (04.04–13.04) and continues for 7–9 days. Buds swelling begins mainly in the second decade of April (14.04–20.04) and lasts 5-6 days. Budding occurs at the end of the 1st or at the beginning of the 3rd decade of April (15.04–24.04). Flowering begins in the 3rd decade of April (20.04–29.04) and ends at the end of the 3rd decade of April or at the beginning of the 1st decade of May (28.04–03.05). The flowering period lasts 6–9 days. Fruit setting in all plants begins in the 1st decade of May. Unripe fruits reach ripe size in the 1st decade of June, and their ripening is completed in the last days of the 3rd decade of August and at the beginning of the 1st decade of September. On the same tree, seeds do not ripening at the same time. The ripening period extends for a month, and sometimes longer. Fruits begin to fall in early July (unfulfilled and damaged), and the bulk falls on the snow in winter. It should also be noted that some of the winged fruits remain on the tree during the next summer, and sometimes until the end of autumn. Duration of fruit development to the ripening phase in F. excelsior is 85–89 days. F. excelsior trees bear fruits annually, but abundant harvests are observed with a periodicity of 1-3 years. On average, 72–143 pcs fruits per 1 m2 fall on the earth's surface.

Key words: common ash, bud, flowering, inflorescence, fruits, fruiting.

Bayura O. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1679-5840


Vitenko V. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5762-9238


Koval S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5897-9376


Maslovata S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-0604


Ishchuk G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4969-0933


Ishchuk L. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2150-0672


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2025
AGROBIOLOGY №1 2025