Elements of winter wheat yield structure depending on seeds growing technology

The article highlights the influence of different technologies of winter wheat seeds cultivation on the yield structure elements, its formation and quality. It was found that the formation of the yield structure ‑ the number of plants, productive stems, grains per ear and grain weight per ear – depended on the crop cultivation technologies. It was found that the varieties reaction to the cultivation technology was different. According to the basic seed cultivation technology in medium-early and medium-ripening varieties no significant difference was found in the tillering coefficient and grain weight per ear. There was only a tendency to increase these indicators of medium-ripening varieties. The highest coefficient of productive tillering (1.4) was in the «Astarta» variety, which provided the most productive stems, and the weight of grains in the ear of this variety was the lowest, while the seed yield was 7.00 t/ha and was significantly lower than in other varieties. The use of energy-intensive technology provided a significant increase in biological yield of varieties of both ripeness groups compared to the baseline. Under this technology of winter wheat cultivation, as well as under the baseline, the plant density was higher in medium-early ripening varieties and amounted to 395 plants/m2 , while in medium-ripening varieties it was 10 plants/m2 less. However, the tillering coefficient and the number of productive stems were higher in medium-ripening varieties, which, in combination with agrotechnological measures – increased doses of fertilizers, both basal and top dressing, protection of crops from diseases (double fungicide treatment of crops) – ensured a significantly higher yield, which on average was 0.11 t/ha higher than in mediumripening varieties. The use of energy-rich technology with elements of biologization of winter wheat seed cultivation ensured the highest biological yield of seeds of all varieties of both maturity groups compared to both basic and energy-rich technologies. Significantly higher biological seed yields were observed in medium-ripening varieties compared to medium-early ripening varieties. It should be noted that under the energy-rich technology with the elements of biologization of cultivation, the coefficient of productive tillering and the weight of grains per ear of all varieties were almost the same.

Key words: technology, tillering coefficient, mass of grains per ear, productive stems, productivity, seed germination.

Polishchuk V.

Konovalov D.

Reference:

1. Petrychenko, V.F., Zemlianyi, O.I. (2009). Ozyma pshenytsia: poteplinnia i osoblyvosti zakhystu posiviv v osinnii period [Winter wheat: warming and peculiarities of crop protection in autumn]. Ahronom [Agronomist]. no. 5, рр. 56–60.

2. Lysikova, V.N., Lysikova, V.N., Shovhun, O.P. (2013). Novi sorty ozymoi pshenytsi – novi mozhlyvosti [New winter wheat varieties – new opportunities]. Propozytsiia [Offer]. no. 8, рр. 62–65.

3. Rozhkov, A.O. (2014). Formuvannia biometrychnykh pokaznykiv roslyn ta vrozhainist zerna pshenytsi tverdoi yaroi zalezhno vid vplyvu normy vysivu nasinnia i sposobu sivby [Formation of biometric parameters of plants and grain yield of durum spring wheat depending on the influence of seeding rate and sowing method]. Biuleten Instytutu silskoho hospodarstva stepovoi zony NAAN Ukrainy [Bulletin of the Institute of Agriculture of the Steppe Zone of NAAS of Ukraine]. no. 7, рр. 97–102.

4. Vozhehova, R.A., Bielov, Ya.V. (2019). Dynamika nakopychennia nadzemnoi biomasy hibrydamy kukurudzy zalezhno vid hustoty stoiannia roslyn ta udobrennia za vyroshchuvannia v umovakh zroshennia [Dynamics of above-ground biomass accumulation by maize hybrids depending on plant density and fertilisation under irrigation conditions]. Tavriiskyi naukovyi visnyk [Taurian Scientific Bulletin]. no. 109(1), рр. 3–9. DOI: 10.32851/2226-0099.2019.109-1.1

5. Miroshnychenko, M.M., Zvonar, A.M., Panasenko, E.V. (2021). Assimilation of Nutritive Elementsby Winter Wheat Plants of Ukrainianand European SelectionAfter the Resumption of Spring Vegetation. Agrology. no. 4(1), pр. 3–9. DOI: 10.32819/021001

6. Morhun, V.V., Shvartau, V.V., Konovalov, D.V., Mykhalska, L.M., Skryplov, V.O. (2022). Suchasni sorty ta systemy zhyvlennia i zakhystu ozymoi pshenytsi [Modern varieties and systems of nutrition and protection of winter wheat]. Kyiv, Vistka, KhI, 106 р.

7. Markovska, O.Ye., Hrechyshkina, T.A. (2020). Produktyvnist sortiv pshenytsi ozymoi zalezhno vid elementiv tekhnolohii vyroshchuvannia v umovakh Pivdennoho Stepu Ukrainy [Productivity of winter wheat varieties depending on the elements of cultivation technology in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine]. Ahrobiolohiia [Agribiology]. no 1, рр. 96–103. DOI: 10.33245/2310- 9270-2020-157-1-96-103

8. Karashchuk, H.V., Fedonenko, H.Yu. (2020). Urozhainist sortiv pshenytsi ozymoi tverdoi zalezhno vid tekhnolohichnykh pryiomiv vyroshchuvannia na pivdni Ukrainy [Yields of winter durum wheat varieties depending on cultivation practices in southern Ukraine]. Zroshuvane zemlerobstvo [Irrigated agriculture]. Issue 73, рр. 35–38. DOI: 10.32848/0135-2369.2020.73.6

9. Tsyliuryk, A.I., Tkalich, Yu.I., Masliiov, S.V., Kozechko, V.I. (2017). Impact of mulch tillage and fertilization on growth and development of winter wheat plants in clean fallow in Northern Steppe of Ukraine. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology. no. 7(4), рр. 511–516. DOI: 10.15421/2017_153.

10. Lykhochvor, V.V., Petrychenko, V.F., Ivashchuk, P.V. (2008). Zernovyrobnytstvo [Grain production]. Lviv, NVF Ukrainian technologies, 624 р.

11. Voloshchuk, I.S. (2017). Vplyv zminy klimatu na vyroshchuvannia nasinnia pshenytsi ozymoi v zoni Zakhidnoho Lisostepu Ukrainy [The impact of climate change on the cultivation of winter wheat seeds in the Western Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine]. Peredhirne ta hirske zemlerobstvo i tvarynnytstvo [Foothill and mountain agriculture and animal husbandry]. Issue 62, рр. 3–17.

12. Lykhochvor, V. (2008). Modeli ahrotekhnolohii v Ukraini [Models of agrotechnologies in Ukraine]. Visnyk Lvivskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu [Bulletin of Lviv National Agrarian University]. Vol. 1, no. 12, рр. 170–178.

13. Kaminskyi, V.F. (2016). Naukovi zasady biolohichnoho zemlerobstva v umovakh zminy klimatu [Scientific principles of biological farming in the context of climate change]. Visnyk nauk. prats NNTs Instytut zemlerobstva [Bulletin of scientific works of the Institute of Agriculture]. Issue 1, рр. 3–15.

14. Antypova, L.K. (2020). Urozhainist sina sortiv liutserny zalezhno vid pohodnykh umov ta ristrehuliuiuchoho preparatu Emistym S [Hay yield of alfalfa varieties depending on weather conditions and growth-regulating agent Emistym S]. Visnyk ahrarnoi nauky Prychornomoria [Bulletin of Agricultural Science of the Black Sea Region]. Issue 1. DOI: 10.31521/2313- 092X/2020-1(105)

15. Mikrodobryva «Avatar 1» [Microfertilizers "Avatar 1"]. Available at: https://agrarii-razom.com.ua/ preparations/mikrodobriva-avatar-1

16. Hrytsaienko, Z.M., Hrytsaienko, A.O., Karpenko, V.P. (2003). Metody biolohichnykh ta ahrokhimichnykh doslidzhen roslyn i hruntiv [Methods of biological and agrochemical research of plants and soils]. Kyiv, ZAT NIChLAVA, рр. 17–18.

17. Yeshchenko, V.O., Kopytko, P.H., Kostohryz, P.V., Opryshko, V.P. (2014). Osnovy naukovykh doslidzhen v ahronomii: pidruchnyk [Fundamentals of scientific research in agronomy]. Vinnytsia, PP TD Edelveis i K, 332 р.

18. DSTU 4138-2002. Nasinnia silskohospodarskykh kultur. Metody vyznachennia yakosti [Crop seeds. Methods of quality determination]. Chynnyi vid 2002- 01-28 [Valid from 2002-01-28]. Kyiv, Derzhspozhivstandart of Ukraine, 11 р.

19. Fisher, R.A. (2006). Statistical methods for research workers. New Delhi, Cosmo Publications, 354 p.

20. Ermantraut, E.R., Prysiazhniuk, O.I., Shevchenko, I.L. (2007). Statystychnyi analiz ahronomichnykh doslidnykh danykh v paketi STATISTICA 6: metodychni vkazivky [Statistical analysis of agronomic research data in the STATISTICA 6 package]. Kyiv, 55 р.

Download this article:

Attachment	Size
polishuk_1_2024.pdf	456.98 KB

YEAR:

2024

AGROBIOLOGY №1 2024

You are here

Error message

Elements of winter wheat yield structure depending on seeds growing technology