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The effect of weather conditions in the RightBank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on economically valuable characteristics of winter garlic

The aim of the 2022–2025 study was to identify valuable varieties, clones, and local forms of winter garlic based on growing season duration, bulb weight, number of cloves, yield, and marketability under arid conditions in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. As a result of the research, it was established that local form 8, originating from Zaporizhzhia region, was characterized by the shortest growing season (104 days). The largest bulbs were formed in local form 9 (63 g), also from Zaporizhzhia region. The highest yield was recorded in sample 9 (Zaporizhzhia region) at 13.4 t/ha, compared with 11.8 t/ha in the control cultivar ‘Iren’. The lowest yield (7.1 t/ha) was observed in local form 13 from the Cherkasy region. The highest proportion of marketable bulbs was recorded in samples 6 (Dnipropetrovsk region), 8 (Zaporizhzhia region), and 9 (Zaporizhzhia region). The accession from Kyiv region (sample 1) showed the best adaptation to environmental conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, with a Lewis stability coefficient of 1.3. Samples 10 (Chernihiv region), 14 (Cherkasy region), and 6 (Dnipropetrovsk region) showed the strongest response to environmental factors, with a Lewis index of 1.7. During the 2022–2025 study, winter garlic genotypes with contrasting traits were identified. The earliest-maturing genotype was sample 8 from Zaporizhzhia region, maturing in 104 days. Sample 9 from the same region showed the best performance in terms of average bulb weight (63 g), yield (13.4 t/ha), and marketability (76 %). The lowest number of cloves per bulb (5) was observed in local forms 2 (Kyiv region), 4 (Kirovohrad region), 11 (Chernihiv region), and 13 and 14 (Cherkasy region). The highest number of cloves was recorded in samples 10 (Chernihiv region) and 12 (Zhytomyr region), with 10 and 8 cloves per bulb, respectively.

Key words: winter garlic, accession, local form, precipitation, air temperature, yield, bulb weight.

Kubrak S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2780-2869


Z. Sych https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2780-2869


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AGROBIOLOGY №1 2026