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The effect of Stympo and Rehoplant biostimulators on spring barley productivity
Barley relates to the leading grain-forage crops in Ukraine and occupies the second place after winter wheat by sown area. Notwithstanding the potentially high productivity of its modern varieties, the average barley yield is low and unstable due to the influence of various factors.
The complex of abiotic factors negatively affects the growth of root system, photoassimilation area formation, and decreases the plant productivity. The effective methods to solve this problem are to improve the existing technology of barley cultivation, particularly via the preparations for metabolic regulation of growth and production processes. The efficacy of the application of the bio-stimulants Rehoplant and Stympo in wheat, barley, lupin, soybeans production has been proved.
The aim of the study was to determine the influence of plant growth bioregulators Stimpo and Regoplant on the growth of the barley variety Adapt, its photoassimilation apparatus formation and biological productivity under the conditions of South Steppe in Ukraine.
The studies were conducted using spring barley seeds and plants (Hordeum vulgare L.) of the variety Adapt in the small plot experiment (Tavria State Agrotechnological University, Melitopol). The experimental area was located on the areas with southern alluvial black soil with humus content (by Turin) – 2.6 % N (by Kornfild) – 111.3 mg/kg mobile phosphorus
(by Chyrykov) – 153.7 mg/kg exchangeable potassium (by Chyrykov) – 255 mg/kg, pH of the water/salt – 7.0/7.3.
The stimulators Stympo and Rehoplant produced by Interdepartmental Science and Technology Centre "Agrobiotech" NAS and MES have been applied. The presowing and leaf treatment with the biopreparations were performed in doses recommended by the producer. These stimulators are multifunctional preparations which contain amino acids, carbohydrates, fatty acids, polysaccharides, plant hormones, minerals and aversectynes.
Barley seeds of the experimental variants were treated with Stympo, 25 ml/t (v.2) and Rehoplant, 250 ml/t (v. 3) prepared on Liposam solution, 5 ml/l. The sowing rate was 4.0 million pcs seeds/ha. Folia treatment was performed in the phases of tillering and earing according to the recommended standards for Stympo – 20 ml/ha, Rehoplant – 50 ml/ha. The germination rate, leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll content and biological yield elements were under control.
The study has shown that barley seed pre-treatment with Stympo and Rehoplant stimulators significantly increased germination by 7.8 % and 4.3 % respectively. Stympo and Rehoplant positively affected the formation of side shoots which proved the total bushing factor increase by 29.5 % and 20.7 respectively, compared to the control variants of spring barley.
The biostimulators contributed the dry biomass accumulation in spring barley significantly.
It is known that the crop yield depends on the crop assimilation surface. In the study, the barley LAI exceeded the control variant by 36.7 % and 53.0 % when the seeds were treated with Stympo and Rehoplant during the tillering stage. LAI was by 9.4 % and 13.1 % more compared to the control when folia treatment with Stympo and Rehoplant was performed during the stem elongation. The LAI of the treated barley crops exceeded the control by 9.3 % and 6.6 % respectively during the heading and flowering periods.
The total chlorophyll content measured with the help of N-testers showed that Stympo and Rehoplant induced synthesis activation and photosynthetic pigment accumulation in barley leaves. In case of stimulator application in the periods of barley vegetation this index increased by 2.3-3.9 %.
The data shows that the use of Stympo and Rehoplant treatment increased the number of productive stems up to 619 and 627 units/m2, respectively. It should be noted that the productive bushing factor grew by 2.3 % and 12.2 % in case of Stympo and Rehoplant use respectively.
The analysis of yield structural elements showed that these stimulators did not affect the length of the spikelet, which ranged between 8.3 and 8.9 cm, and the number of grains in the spikelet, which varied in from 22.6 to 23.2 pieces. It was determined that Stympo stimulator significantly increased the weight of 1000 grains of barley by 6.2 % compared to the control variant.
The calculated biological yield of control barley crops was 56.5 t/ha. The biological yield increased by 12.8 % and was 63.4 t/ha in case of Stympo application. The biological yield was 61.9 t/ha in case of Rehoplant treatment, which exceeded the control by 9.6 %.
Thus, Stympo and Rehoplant biostimulators increased the field germination, stimulated the biomass accumulation and formation of lateral shoots in case of pre-sowing barley seed treatment at the recommended concentrations. Stympo and Rehoplant contributed the barley photoassimilation surface formation. It was shown that Stympo and Rehoplant increased the number of productive stems in spring barley and the 1000 grain weight. The use of biostimulants in barley production increased the biological yield by 10-13 %.
Key words: biostimulators, Stympo, Rehoplant, spring barley, photoassimilation surface, yield productivity.
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