You are here
Distribution and development of roses powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca pannosa Lev. var. rosae Woronich.) under urban ecosystems of the Ukrainian Forest-Steppe and the control measures
According to the years of research on roses in the urban ecosystems of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, spreading powdery mildew caused by the pathogen Sp. pannosa Lev. var. rosae Woronich. is 39.4 ± 12.6 % for the intensity of – 2.8 ± 1.0 for the average air temperature 19.6 ± 1.6 °C, precipitation – 16.3 ± 6.8 mm ARH – 66.4 ± 2,8 %, HTC – 1.4 ± 0.9. The first signs of powdery mildew on roses in the urban ecosystems was observed from the first decade of May to early June under average daily temperature of 17.8 ± 1.9 °C; precipitation – 14.5 ± 18.5 mm; ARH – 61,2 ± 11,5 %; HTC – 1,6 ± 2,2; mass manifestation of the disease was observed from the third decade of June to early September for the average daily temperature of
20.9 ± 4.5 °C; precipitation – 4.6 ± 17.5 mm; ARH – 64.8 ± 9.4 %; HTC – 0.5 ± 2.1. Two waves of development and spread of powdery mildew on roses were found out under conditions of urban ecosystems of the Forest-Steppe, namely spring-summer (May to July) and summer-autumn (August to October). Also, the rates of development in the summer-fall wave were 47.9 ± 15.6 %, with the intensity of 3.5 ± 1.0 point, which is 15 % or1.2 times higher than in spring and summer, respectively. Spring-summer roses mildew growth was observed under average air temperature of 20.2 ± 0.9 °C, precipitation – 22.3 ± 1.8 mm ARH – 65.6 ± 1.8 %, HTC – 1.8 ± 0.5; summer-autumn – 18.4 ± 3.9 °C, precipitation – 9.5 ± 14.8 mm, ARH – 67.1 ± 7.8 %, HTC – 1.0 ± 1.9.
According to the results of immunological assessment Rosa L. collection samples infested with Sp. pannosa Lev. var. rosae Woronich were grouped by their resistance stability into immune (R) – 26.5 %, virtually stable (R +) – 47.1 %, medium stable (S /) – 19.2 %, susceptible (S) – 7.2 %, while highly susceptible (S +) were found. The flowers were grouped by expression of their resistance to: tea-hybrid roses are divided into immune (R) – 13.3 %, virtually stable (R +) – 26.5 %, medium stable (S /) – 13.3 % susceptible (S) – 5.9 %; climbing – (R) – 7.4 %, (R +) – 16.2 %, (S /) – 4.4 %, (S) – 1.5 %; English – (R) – 4.5 %, (R +) – 2.9 %; floribunda – (R) – 1.5 %, (R +) – 1.5 %, (S /) – 1.5 % of the total number of investigated samples. In the studied collection of practical importance for selection as a source of polygenic stability and in agroecology as a factor of the selection of high virulent pathological types of Sp. pannosa Lev. var. rosae Woronich fungi, are 20 sort samples of tea-hybrid roses group, 3 – floribunda roses group, 4 – English roses a group. 20 sort samples of tea-hybrid group, 9 – of climbing roses group and 1 – of English roses group contribute to intensive development of both high- and low virulent pathogen that causes epiphytoties that increase the rate of formation and the emergence of aggressive races.
Our research on studying the efficiency of applying biological substances for powdery mildew of roses reveal: biological substances hinder the development of the pathology caused by the Sp. pannosa Lev. var. rosae Woronich. pathogen, in particular, the rates of tea-hybrid 'Emmy' rose sort samples infestation with in the research variants spread in 7.7 % of flowers; in climbing 'Polka Babochka' – by 1.3 %, floribunda 'Jubile du Prince de Monaco' – by 3.3 % and in English Rose 'Princess Alexandra of Kent' by 5.5 % less than in the control (without treatment).
The average performance of the studied biological products for the growing season of the genus Rosa L. was 50.8 ± 24.5 %, with the highest protective effect for Tryhodermin BT BT + Haupsyn (1: 1) – 68.5 ± 22.2 %, Tryhodermin BT BT + Planryz (1:1) – 67.4 ± 22.3 %, Tryhopsyn – 67 ± 20.6 %, BT Planryz – 62.3 ± 21,9 %, BT Haupsyn – 61.1 ± 22.7 %. The highest efficiency against powdery mildew, caused by Sp. pannosa Lev. var. rosae Woronich. on the Tea-Hybrid roses of 'Emmy' class have pr Tryhodermin BT BT + Haupsyn (1:1) – 79 %, Tryhodermin Planryz BE + BT (1:1) – 75.7 %, Tryhopsyn –
69 % -53, BT Planryz 4 %, Haupsyn BT – 50.5 %; on climbing roses 'Polka Babochka' – Planryz BT BT Haupsyn – 51 % Tryhopsyn, Tryhodermin Planryz + BT BT (1:1) – 50 % + Haupsyn Tryhodermin BT BT (1:1) – 48.2 %; group floribunda 'Jubile du Prince de Monaco' – Tryhopsyn – 49 % + Haupsyn Tryhodermin BT BT (1:1) – 47 %; Group English Rose 'Princess Alexandra of Kent' – Haupsyn BT BT Planryz, Tryhopsyn, Tryhodermin BT BT + Haupsyn (1:1) + Planryz Tryhodermin BT BT (1:1) – 100 %. The combination of Tryhodermin BT and BT + Haupsyn Tryhodermin BT BT + Planryz at the ratio of 1: 1 and the application of 3 liters/ha – 48.2 % and insectfungicide with growth stimulating action of Tryhopsyn
(3 l/ha) have the highest effectiveness rates (over 50 %) in protecting against powdery mildew on roses of all the investigated sort samples of different groups. Environmentally safe drugs Tryhodermin BT, Haupsyn BT, BT Planryz, Tryhopsyn are effective against Sphaerotheca pannosa Lev. var. rosae Woronich., which makes it possible to use them under coditions of urban ecosystems of the Forest-Steppes of Ukraine for the defense and phyfitostimulating effect on roses.
Key words: urban ecosystems, Rosa L., Sphaerotheca pannosa Lev. var. rosae Woronich., spread, polygenic stability, biopreparations, efficiency.
-
Bondarenko-Borisova, V.І., Dovbysh, N.M., Malina, N.G. (2004). Issledovanie zabolevaemosti muchnistoj rosoj roz v zashhishhjonnom grunte Doneckogo botanicheskogo sada NAN Ukrainy [Studying roses infestation with mild dew in covered soils of Donetsk Botanical Garden of NAS of Ukraine]. Promyshlennaja botanika [Botany], Vol. 4, pp. 100-105.
2. Marchenko, A.B. Vredonosnost', rasprostranenie osnovnyh patologij predstavitelej roda Rosa v uslovijah urbojekosistemy [Injuriousness, distribution of major representatives of pathologies Rosa genus under conditions of urban ecosystem]. Monitoring i biologicheskie metody kontrolja vreditelej i patogenov drevesnyh rastenij: ot teorii k praktike. Materialy Vserossijskoj konferencii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem (g. Moskva 18-22 aprelja 2016 goda) [Monitoring and control methods for biological pests and pathogens in wood plants: from theory to practice. Papers of All-Russian conference with international participants (Moscow, 18-22 April, 2016)]. Krasnoyarsk, 2016, YLSORLN, pp. 137-138.
3. Marchenko, A.B. Fitopatogennyj kompleks vozbuditelej dekorativnyh kustarnikov roda Rosa L. [Phytopathogene complex of decorative shrubs pathogens of Rosa L. genus]. Hortus bot. 2015, Vol. 10. Retrieved from http://hb.karelia.ru/journal/article.php?id=2661. DOI: 10.15393 / j4.art.2015.2661
4. Misko, L.A. (1981). Rekomendacii po zashhite roz ot boleznej [Recommendations for roses protection against diseases]. Moscow, Nauka, 39 p.
5. Simonyan, S.A. Muchnistaja rosa roz v Erevanskom botanicheskom sadu [Powdery mildew in roses in Erevan Botanical Garden]. Biologicheskij zhurnal. Armenija [Biology journal. Armenia]. Yerevan, Publishing House of Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences, 1973, Vol. 26, no. 7, pp. 62-73.
6. Ruzaeva, I.V. Ustojchivost' sadovyh roz k boleznjam [Garden roses resistance to diseases], Samara Luke: Bull, 2007, Vol. 16, no. 1-2 (19-20), pp. 91-109.
7. Beloselskaya, Z.G., Sylverstov, A.D. (1953). Vrediteli i bolezni cvetochnyh i oranzherejnyh rastenij [Green-house plants pests and diseases]. Moscow, Selhozgyz, 207 p.
8. Dekenbach, K.N., Korenev, M.C. (1927). Materialy dlja izuchenija muchnistoj rosy special'nyh kul'tur Kryma [Materials for the study of powdery mildew of special crops of the Crimea]. Bolezni rastenij [Diseases of plants], Vol. 16/2,
pp. 155-160.9. Marchenko, A.B. (2017). Mikozni hvoroby trojand: etiologija, diagnostyka, sortova stijkist', biozahyst: monografija [Mycosis diseases of roses: etiology, diagnostics, varietal stability, bio-protection]. Bila Tserkva, 250 p.
10. Index Fungorum [electronic resource]. Retrieved from http://www.indexfungorum.org.
11. Gorlenko, S.V., Pan’ko, N.A., Podobnaya, N.A. Vrediteli i bolezni rozy [Roses pests and disease]. Minsk, Science and Technics, 1984, 128 p.
12. Mandre, M. Biohimicheskaja harakteristika roz, porazhjonnyh muchnistoj rosoj [Byochemical characteristics of affected with powdery mildew]. Botanicheskie sady Pribaltiki [Baltic botanic gardens]. Riga, Zynatne, 1971, pp. 209-215.
13. Rumberh, V.U. (1972). Bolezneustojchivost' kul'tiviruemyh v Jestonskoj SSR sortov roz: avtoref. dis. na soiskanie uch. stepeni kand. biol. nauk. [Desiease resistance of roses varieties cultivated in Estonian SSR: Author’s abstract of diss. for a degree of cand. of biol scs.]. Tartu, National University Press, 32 p.
14. Anpylohova, V.A. (1976). Bolezni roz i mery bor'by s nimi: metodicheskie rekomendacii [Roses diseases and measures to control them: guidelines]. Kiev, Naukova Dumka, 11 p.
15. Aghabekyan, M.B. (1985). Muchnistaja rosa rozy i sovershenstvovanie himicheskih mer bor'by s neju v uslovijah Araratskoj ravniny Armjanskoj SSR: avtoref. dis. na soiskanie uch. stepeni kand. s.-h. nauk [Rose powdery mildew and improvement the chemical control inder conditions of Ararat plain of Armenian SSR: author’s abstract of diss. for a degree of cand. of agric. scs.]. Yerevan, 19 p.
16. Klimenko, Z.K. (2009). Viddalena gibrydyzacija u vitchyznjanij selekcii' sadovyh trojand na imunitet do grybnyh zahvorjuvan' [Remote hybridization in garden roses selection on their resistance to fungi diseases]. Vcheni zapysky Tavrijs'kogo nacional'nogo universytetu im. V.I. Vernads'kogo. Serija „Biologija, himija” [Scientific notes of Taurian national university named after V.I. Vernadsky. Series “Biology, chemistry”], Vol. 22 (61), no. 3, pp. 52-56.
17. Koshevskij, I.I., Gorovoj, L.F., Tesljuk, V.V., Red'ko, V.V. (2002). Gribnye polisaharidy v zashhite rastenij [Mushroom polysaccharides in plant protection]. Sovremennaja mikologija v Rossii. Pervyj s`ezd mikologov Rossii. Tezisy dokladov [Modern Mycology in Russia. The first congress of Russian mycologists. Abstracts of reports]. Moscow, National Academy of Mycology, pp. 230-231.
18. Kulibaba, Yu.F, Prymakovskaya, M.A. (1974). Metodicheskie ukazanija po vyjavleniju i uchetu boleznej cvetochnyh kul'tur [Methodical guidelines on identifying and accounting in flower crops diseases]. Moscow, Kolos, pp. 19-26.
19. Zaitsev, G.N. (1984). Matematicheskaja statistika v jeksperimental'noj botanic [Mathematical statisticsin experimental Botany]. Moscow, Nauka, 424 p.
20. Borovikov, V. (2001). STATISTICA: iskusstvo analiza dannyh na komp'jutere [STATISTICA: the art of data analysis on a computer]. Saint-Petersburg, Peter, 656 p.
21. Andreeva, E.I., Kartomyshev, V.S. (1990). Metodicheskie rekomendacii po ispytaniju himicheskih veshhestv na fungicidnuju aktivnost' [Guidelines on chemical substances testing in fungicide activity]. Cherkassy, 67 p.
| Attachment | Size |
|---|---|
 marchenko_1_2017.pdf | 834.3 KB |