You are here
Characteristics of forest-provided processes in native forests of state enterprise Vinnytsia forestry
Natural forests are a source of conservation of landscape and biological (including genetic) diversity. Despite this, intensive forest exploitation results in the significant decrease in the area of natural forests. Lack of reliable natural regeneration, especially forests in the plain part of Ukraine, has led to a significant reduction in the natural forests due to artificially created ones.
Unsuccessful fruiting, lack of natural seed restoration and unsatisfactory growth are the main reason for the interruption of the genesis of forest stands. Natural oak forests, which are the main formations in the region, are characterized by the particularly unsatisfactory natural reproduction.
In conditions of Eastern Podillya, preservation of natural habitats is an important stage in the transition to a balanced development of the region. Today, in the conditions of the Eastern Podillya, the issue of introduction of natural forestry is approaching. The methodological basis of this process is a detailed study of the dynamics of natural regeneration of oak as it is in natural forests and in the field of logs.
The main objective of the article is to study the state and dynamics of the natural renewal of oak natural dumble forests in the Vinnytsia region. Studying this process will enable to study the peculiarities of the formation of natural oak forests in the region. The results of such studies will answer the question of the possibility of applying a natural regeneration for reforestation in the region.
According to data analysis on forest management, we have discovered 3 plots of oak forest stands with natural regeneration of oak under the shade. Basically, these are sites of fresh hornbeam of the sudubrava under the absence of hornbeam in the composition of the forest stands. The share of oak in the undergrowth is from 2 to 10 trees, the average age is 5-15 years. Average density is 3-5 thousand trees per ha.
According to the researches on the condition and structure of the undergrowth of oak forests under the shade, we have identified curtains in the conditions of the state enterprise “Vinnytske FE”. The forest stand is confined to a fresh hornbeam sudibrova under the predominance of oaks and a small share (2 units) of hornbeams in the composition. The stand has structure of all-aged forest trees with curtains of the natural renewal.
Natural oak renewal under the shed of the hornbeam forest stand in the conditions of the state enterprise “Vinnytske FE” is characterized by the density of 5.0-6.3 thousand plants per ha, 1-5-year age and the height of 0.25-1.6 meters. On most plots a 3-year undergrowth prevails, and its share ranges within 25-40 %. The lowest proportion of a 5-year undergrowth is 12-22 %.
The characteristic of the current state of the natural regeneration of oak in natural forests of the state enterprise "Vinnytsia Forestry" of the Vinnytsia Regional Forestry and Hunting Management Department is based on a separate database of forest management data. As a result of the surveys, the basic taxonomic indicators of natural oak forests and their natural renewal were determined.
It was established that the main reason for the reduction of the proportion of natural oak forests is the main harvesting and the creation of forest crops in their place. The low utilization of the natural oak conventional renewal due to the lack of years of intense fruiting and unsatisfactory condition and the preservation of natural regeneration does not contribute to the intensive formation of natural divergences.
Key words: natural forests, oak, natural regeneration, condition.
1. Anuchyn, N.P. (1982). Lesnaia taksatsyia [Forest taxation]. Moscow, Forestry industry, 552 p.
2. Vasylevskyi, O.H. Otsiniuvannia stanu pryrodnoho ponovlennia dubovo-ialynovykh derevostaniv pislia provedennia ruban formuvannia ta ozdorovlennia lisiv [Evaluation of the state of natural regeneration of oak and spruce stands after the chopped development and improvement of forests]. Naukovyi visnyk NLTU Ukrainy [Scientific Journal NLTU Ukraine]. Lviv, 2011, Issue 21.1, pp. 81–86.
3. Vasylevskyi, O.H., Neiko, I.S., Samoilova, N.O., Smashniuk, L.V., Yelisavenko, Yu.A. Optymizatsiia protsesu formuvannia porodnoho skladu ta tovarnoi struktury dubovykh derevostaniv shliakhom provedennia dohliadovykh ruban v umovakh Vinnychchyny [Optimization of the process of formation of the rock composition and commodity structure of oak woodlands by conducting maintenance shafts in the conditions of Vinnytsya]. Naukovyi visnyk NLTU Ukrainy [Scientific Journal NLTU Ukraine]. Lviv, 2014, Issue 1, pp. 25–29.
4. Vasylevskyi, O.H., Yelisavenko, Yu.A., Neiko, I.S., Monarkh, V.V. Suchasnyi stan pryrodnykh dubovykh lisostaniv DP «Vinnytske LH» [The current state of natural oak forests of the state enterprise "Vinnitsa LH"]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats VNAU. Silske hospodarstvo ta lisivnytstvo [Collection of scientific works of VNAU. Agriculture and forestry]. Vinnytsia, 2017. №7, Vol 1, pp. 130–140.
5. Vedmid, M.M., Zhezhkun, A.M., Pozniakova, S.I., Lukianets, V.A. Poperednie ponovlennia v lisostanakh svizhykh dibrov Livoberezhnoi Ukrainy [Preliminary renewal in fresh-forest plantations of the Left Bank of Ukraine]. Lisivnytstvo i ahrolisomelioratsiia [Arboriculture and agroforestry]. Kharkiv, 2008, Issue 112, pp. 48–56.
6. Vysotskyi, H.N. (1950). Uchenye o vlyianyy lesa na yzmenenye sredы eho proyzrastanyia na okruzhaiushchee prostranstvo: uchenye o lesnoi pertynentsyy [The doctrine of the influence of forests on the change in the environment of its growth on the surrounding space: the doctrine of forest pertinence]. Moscow, Hoslesbumyzdat, 104 p.
7. Zhukov, A.B. (1949). Dubravy URSSR y sposoby ykh vosstanovlenyia [Dubravy URSSSR and ways of their restoration]. Moscow, HLBY, 400 p.
8. Didenko, M.M. Stan pryrodnoho ponovlennia duba zvychainoho pid nametom materynskykh derevostaniv [The state of the natural renewal of oak is under the tent of the parent trees]. Lisivnytstvo i ahrolisomelioratsiia [Arboriculture and agroforestry]. Kharkiv, UkrNDILHA, 2008, Issue113, pp. 186–190.
9. Levchenko, V.V. (2006). Pryrodne nasinnieve lisoponovlennia u svizhykh dibrovakh pivnichnoi chastyny Pravoberezhnoho Lisostepu: avtoref. dys. … kand. s.-h. nauk: 06.03.03 [Natural seed lisoponovlennya in fresh oak northern forest steppe Right-Bank: Author. dis ... Candidate s.-g. Sciences: 06.03.03]. Kyiv, 19 p.
10. Lustiuk, T.V. Lisivnychi vlastyvosti pryrodnoho nasinnievoho ponovlennia duba zvychainoho (Quercus robur L.) suborevoho ekotypu v umovakh Zakhidnoho Polissia [Branch properties of natural seed oak (Quercus robur L.) of subboreen ecotype in the conditions of Western Polissya]. Naukovyi visnyk NLTU Ukrainy [Scientific Journal NLTU Ukraine], 2015. Issue 25.8, pp. 112–117.
11. Morozov, H.F. (1927). Rubky vozobnovlenyia y ukhoda [Renewal and care of logging]. Moscow, 88 p.
12. Normatyvno-spravochnye materyaly dlia taksatsyy lesov Ukrayny y Moldavyy [Regulatory and reference materials for the forest inventory in Ukraine and Moldova]. Kyiv, Urozhai, 1987, 560 p.
13. Ishchuk, H.P. Pryrodne ponovlennia duba i hraba pid nametom nasadzhen ta na zrubakh na DP «Korsun-Shevchenkivske lisove hospodarstvo» [A natural renewal of oak and hornbeam is marked by a hitching on the logs at the DP "Korsun-Shevchenkivske Lissov Gospodarstvo"]. Naukovyi visnyk NLTU Ukrainy [Scientific Journal NLTU Ukraine]. Lviv, 2017, Vol. 27, no. 1. pp. 15–18.
14. Yziumskyi, P.P., Molotkov, P.Y., Romashov, N.V. (1978). Lystvennye lesa USSR [Deciduous forests of the USSR]. Kharkov, High school, 184 p.
15. Pohrebniak P.S. (1963). Obshchee lesovodstvo [General forestry]. Moscow, 399 p.
16. SOU 02.02-37-476:2006. Ploshchi probni lisovporiadni. Metod zakladannia (Standart orhanizatsii Ukrainy) [Chynnyi vid 2007-05-01]. Vyd. ofits. Kyiv: Minahropolityky Ukrainy [Square trial forest management. Method of laying (Standard of organization of Ukraine) [Effective from 2007-05-01]. Kyiv, Ministry of Agrarian Policy of Ukraine, 2006. 32 p.
17. Piatnytskyi, S.S., Yziumskyi, P.P. (1966). Lesa Ukraynskoi SSSR. Lesa SSSR [Forests of the Ukrainian SSR. Forests of the USSR]. Moscow, Science, Vol. 33, 232 p.
18. Rumiantsev, M.H., Solodovnyk, V.A., Chyhrynets, V.P., Lunachevskyi, L.S., Kobets, O.V. Osoblyvosti formuvannia i vidtvorennia pryrodnykh lisostaniv duba zvychainoho Livoberezhnoho Lisostepu Ukrainy [Features of formation and reproduction of natural forests of oak ordinary Left-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine]. Lisivnytstvo i ahrolisomelioratsiia [Arboriculture and agroforestry]. Kharkiv, UkrNDILHA, 2016, Issue 128, pp. 63–73.
19. Sendonin, S.Ye. (2009). Dynamika pryrodnoho nasinnievoho ponovlennia duba zvychainoho (Quercus robur L.) u svizhykh dibrovakh pivdennoi chastyny Pravoberezhnoho Lisostepu zalezhno vid kompleksu abiotychnykh faktoriv: avtoref. dys. …kand. s.-h. nauk: 06.03.03 [Dynamics of natural seed renovation oak (Quercus robur L.) in fresh woods of southern forest steppe Right-Bank complex depending on abiotic factors: Author. dis ... Candidate s.-g. Sciences: 06.03.03]. Kyiv, 20 p.
20. Skliar, V.H. Pryrodne ponovlennia providnykh lisoutvoriuvalnykh vydiv Novhorod-Siverskoho Polissia: realizovani ekolohichni nishi ta yikhnia dynamika [Natural renewal of the leading forest-forming species of Novgorod-Siversky Polissya: implemented ecological niches and their dynamics]. Ukrainskyi botanichnyi zhurnal [Ukrainian Botanical Journal], 2014, Vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 8–16.
21. Tkach, V.P. Suchasnyi stan pryrodnykh lisostaniv duba zvychainoho Livoberezhnoho Lisostepu Ukrainy [The current state of the natural forests of the oak forest of the ordinary Left-Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine]. Lisivnytstvo i ahrolisomelioratsiia [Arboriculture and agroforestry]. Kharkiv, UkrNDILHA, 2009, Issue 116, pp. 79–84.
22. Shevchenko, P.I. Pryrodne (nasinnieve) ponovlennia v hrabniakakh Podillia [Natural (seed) renewal in the grabbodies of Podillya]. Ukr. Lisovod [Ukrainian forestry], 1970, no. 10, pp. 39–48.
23. Galbraith-Kent, S.L., Handel, S.N. Invasive Acer platanoides inhibits native sapling growth in forest understory communities. Acer platanoides inhibits native sapling growth. Journal of Ecology. № 96, 2008, pp. 293–302.
24. Holladay, C.-A., Kwit, C., Collins, B. Woody regeneration in and around aging southern bottomland hardwood forest gaps: Effects of herbivory and gap size. Condition of forest landscapes. Elsevier. Forest Ecology and Management. №223, 2006, pp. 218–225.
25. Kubner, R. Mortality patterns of Quercus, Tilia and Fraxinus germinants in a floodplain forest on the river Elbe, Germany. Mortality patterns of Quercus. Elsevier. Forest Ecology and Management. 2003, no. 173, pp. 37–48.
26. López-Barrera, F., Manson, R.H., González-Espinosa, M., Newton, A.C. Effects of the type of montane forest edge on oak seedling establishment along forest–edge–exterior gradients Oak seedling establishment. Elsevier. Forest Ecology and Management. 2006, № 225(1–3), pp. 234–244.
27. Niklasson M., Zin E., Zielonka T., Feijen M., Korczyk A.F., Churski M., Samojlik T., Jędrzejewska B., Gutowski J.M., Brzeziecki B. A 350-year tree-ring fire record from Białowieża Primeval Forest, Poland: implications for Central European lowland fire history. Fire history wood forests. Ecology. 2010, no. 98, pp. 1319–1329.
28. Signell S.A., Abrams M.D., Hovis J.C., W. Henry Sh. Impact of multiple fires on stand structure and tree regeneration in central Appalachian oak forests. Forest Ecology and Management. 2005, no. 218, pp. 146–158.
29. Taylor S.O., Lorimer C.G. Loss of oak dominance in dry-mesic deciduous forests predicted by gap capture methods. Plant ecology. 2003, no. 167, pp. 71–88.
30. Twedt D. J., Wilson. R. R. Development of oak plantations established for wildlife. Forest Ecology and Management. 2002, no. 162, pp. 287–298.
Attachment | Size |
---|---|
![]() | 519.77 KB |