You are here

Головна » 2023 » AGROBIOLOGY №1 2023

Formation of spike length and number of spikelets in soft winter wheat varieties depending on the genotype and conditions of the year

 

The value of the variety in increasing the yield of soft winter wheat is undeniable. Therefore, the use of genetic patterns in breeding can improve the adaptability of modern varieties. In breeding and genetic studies, the formation of yield is considered as a complex characteristic due to many components. Studying the variability and stability of the main structural elements of productivity is an important task in the selection of soft winter wheat. The aim of the study was to investigate the peculiarities of the formation in soft winter wheat spike length and the number of spikelets in it depending on the genotype and the conditions of the year, and to select genotypes with a consistently high expression for involvement in the selection process. The research was carried out in the conditions of the experimental feld of the Educational and Production Center of the Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University in 2018–2020. The source material for the research was varieties of different ecological and geographical origin recommended for growing in Ukrainian forest-steppe. Arithmetic mean ( ), minimum and maximum value of features (min–max), standard deviation (s), coefcient of variation (V, %), homeostatic index (Hom) were determined. To characterize moisture availability, the hydrothermal coefcient was calculated. According to the research results, such varieties as Tobak, Bohemia, Kvitka poliov, Legenda bilotserkivska, Svitilo, Platin, Kolonia, Akratos formed the largest spike length, exceeding the standard variety Lisova pisnia by 1.6– 2.3 cm. A high homeostatic index was determined by this feature in varieties Kvitka poliov (758), Kolonia (343), Svitilo (334), Perlyna Lisostepu (204). The varieties Akratos, Favorite, Kolonia, Svitilo, Platin, Legenda Bilotserkivska, Tobak were selected according to the number of in the ear, which had indicators from 19.0 to 20.4 pcs., which is 2.1–3.5 pcs. more than the standard sort (16.9 pcs.). The highest homeostaticity, in terms of the number spikelets in the spike, was received in Skagen (930), Kolonia (826), Flower of the Fields (780), Akratos (682), and Forest Song (461).

Key words: soft winter wheat, variety, spike length, number of spikelets in the spike, homeostatics, selection.

 

Kumanska Yu.


Lozinskiy M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6078-3209


Sabadyn V.


Sydorova I.


Dubovyk N.


Reference: 
1. Burdenjuk-Tarasevych, L.A., Lozins'kyj, M.V., Dubova, O.A. (2015). Osoblyvosti formuvannja dovzhyny stebla u selekcijnyh nomeriv pshenyci ozymoi' v zalezhnosti vid i'h genotypiv ta umov vyroshhuvannja [Peculiarities of stem length formation in selection numbers of winter wheat depending on their genotypes and growing conditions]. Agrobologija [Agrobiology]. no. 1(117), pp. 11–15.
2. Vozhegova, R.A. (2019). Naprjamy adaptacii' galuzi roslynnyctva do regional'nyh zmin klimatu: Klimatychni zminy ta sil's'ke gospodarstvo [Directions of adaptation of crop production to regional climate changes: Climatic changes and agriculture]. Vyklyky dlja agrarnoi' nauky ta osvity, 10–12 kvitnja 2019 roku: mizhnar. nauk.-prakt. konf. DU NMC «Agroosvita» [Challenges for agricultural science and education, April 10–12, 2019: international science and practice conf. State University of Agricultural Education and Research Center]. Kyi'v–Mykolai'v–Kherson, pp. 6–8.
3. Ljubych, V.V., Poljanec'ka, I.O. (2021). Ocinjuvannja sortiv pshenyci tverdoi' ozymoi' za pokaznykamy rostu ta rozvytku [Evaluation of hard winter wheat varieties according to growth and development indicators]. Agrobiologija [Agrobiology]. no. 1, pp. 85–92. DOI: 10.33245/2310- 9270-2021-163-1-85-92
4. Nazarenko, M.M. (2020). Produktyvnist' suchasnyh sortiv pshenyci ozymoi' v umovah pidzony Pivnochi Stepu Ukrai'ny [Productivity of modern winter wheat varieties in the conditions of the Northern Steppe subzone of Ukraine]. Agrarni innovacii' [Agrarian innovations]. no. 4, pp. 120–125. DOI: 10.32848/agrar.innov.2020.4.18
5. Gospodarenko, G.M. (2016). Pshenycja spel'ta [Spelled wheat]. Kyiv, SIK GRUP UKRAINE, 312 p.
6. Vasyl'kivs'kyj, S.P., Ivko, Yu.O. (2010). Porivnjannja kolekcii' sortozrazkiv ripaku ozymogo za stabil'nistju vysoty stebla ta elementiv struktury urozhaju [Comparison of the collection of winter rape samples for the stability of the stem height and elements of the crop structure]. Agrobiologija [Agrobiology]. Issue 3 (74), pp. 12–16.
7. Nazarenko, M., Mykolenko, S., Okhmat, P. (2020). Variation in grain productivity and quality of modern winter wheat varieties in northern Ukrainian Steppe. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology. no. 10 (4), pp. 102–108. DOI: 10.15421/2020_175
8. Dura, S. (2013). Detection of molecular markers associated with yield and yield components in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum Desf.) under drought conditions. Crop Pasture Sci. Vol. 64, pp. 957–964.
9. Giuliani, M.M. (2014). Analysis of gluten proteins composition during grain flling in two durum wheat cultivars submitted to two water regoms. Ital. J. Agron. Vol. 90 (1), pp. 15–19.
10. Ljubych, V.V. (2017). Produktyvnist' sortiv i linij pshenyc' zalezhno vid abiotychnyh i biotychnyh chynnykiv [Productivity of wheat varieties and lines depending on abiotic and biotic factors]. Visnyk agrarnoi' nauky Prychornomor’ja [Herald of Agrarian Science of the Black Sea Region]. Issue 95, pp. 146–161.
11. Entz, M.H. (2018). Evaluation of lines from a farmer participatory organic wheat breeding program. Crop Sci. Vol. 58, pp. 243–255.
12. Dubovyk, N.S., Kyrylenko, V.V., Dergachev ,O.L. (2015). Vyhidnyj material dlja selekcii' pshenyci m’jakoi' ozymoi' za plastychnistju ta stabil'nistju [Raw material for the selection of soft winter wheat for plasticity and stability]. Visnyk CNZ APV Harkivs'koi' oblasti [Bulletin of the Center for APV of the Kharkiv region]. Issue 18, pp. 132–138. Available at: http://rep.btsau.edu.ua/handle/BNAU/7528
13. Tarariko, Ju.A., Velychko, V.A., Sajdak, R.V., Knysh, V.V. (2020). Suchasna praktyka ta perspektyvy rozvytku agrarnogo vyrobnyctva v Odes'komu regioni [Modern practice and prospects for the development of agricultural production in the Odesa region]. Visnyk agrarnoi' nauky [Herald of Agrarian Science]. no. 3, pp. 61–70. DOI: 10.31073/agrovisnyk202003-09
14. Harkness, C., Semenov, M.A., Areal, F., Senapati, N., Trnka, M., Balek, J., Bishop, J. (2020). Adverse weather conditions for UK wheat production under climate change. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 15 March. Vol. 282–283. DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.107862
15. Farag, H.I.A. (2013). Efciency of three methods of selection in wheat breeding under saline stress conditions. Egypt. J. Plant Breed. Vol. 17, pp. 85–95.
16. Burdenjuk-Tarasevych, L.A., Lozins'kyj, M.V. (2013). Formuvannja dovzhyny golovnogo kolosu v linij pshenyci ozymoi' riznogo ekologogeografchnogo pohodzhennja [Formation of the length of the main ear in winter wheat lines of different ecological and geographical origins]. Agrobiologija [Agrobiology]. Issue 11 (104), pp. 30–34.
17. Lyhochvor, V.V., Proc', R.R. (2006). Ozyma pshenycja [Winter wheat]. Lviv, Ukrainian technologies, 216 p.
18. Chernobaj, Ju.O., Rjabchun, V.K., Jarosh, A.V., Morgunov, O.I. (2019). Elementy produktyvnosti ta vrozhajnist' zrazkiv pshenyci m’jakoi' ozymoi' v zalezhnosti vid pohodzhennja [Elements of productivity and yield of soft winter wheat samples depending on the origin]. Genetychni resursy roslyn [Genetic resources of plants]. no. 24, pp. 47–57. DOI: 10.36814/pgr.2019.24.03
19. Jaradat, Abdullah A. (2018). Simulated climate change deferentially impacts phenotypic plasticity and stoichiometric homeostasis in major food crops. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. no. 30 (6), pp. 429–442. DOI: 10.9755/ejfa.2018.v30. i6.1705
20. Vlasenko, V.A., Kochmars'kyj, V.S., Kolomijec', L.A., Marynka, S.M. (2008). Pidvyshhennja produktyvnogo i adaptyvnogo potencialiv pshenyci m’jakoi' ozymoi' [Increasing the productive and adaptive potential of soft winter wheat]. Faktory eksperymental'noi' evoljucii' organizmiv [Factors of experimental evolution of organisms]. Kyiv, Logos, Vol. 5, pp. 25–29.
21. Dospehov, B.A. (1985). Metodika polevogo opyita (s osnovami statisticheskoy obrabotki rezultatov issledovaniy) [Field experiment methodology (with the basics of statistical processing of research results)]. Moscow, Agropromizdat, 351 p.
22. Khanhyldyn, V.V., Lytvynenko, V.V. (1981). Homeostatychnost y adaptyvnost sortov ozymoi pshenytsy [Homeostasis and adaptability of winter wheat varieties]. Nauch.-tekhn. biul. VSHY [Scientifc-technical bul. VSGI]. Odessa, Issue 39, pp. 8-14.
23. Trybel, S.O., Siharova, D.D., Sekun, M.P., Ivashchenko, O.O. (2001) Metodyky vyprobuvannia i zastosuvannia pestytsydiv [Test methods and application of pesticides]. Kyiv, World, 448 p.
24. Tkachyk, S.O. (2014). Metodyka provedennja ekspertyzy sortiv roslyn grupy zernovyh, krup’janyh ta zernobobovyh na prydatnist' do poshyrennja v Ukrai'ni (PSP) [Methodology for examination of plant varieties of the cereal, cereal and leguminous groups for suitability for distribution in Ukraine (PSP)]. Kyiv, NilandLTD, 82 p.
25. Lyfenko, S.P., Nakonechnyj, M.Ju., Nargan, T.P. (2021). Osoblyvosti selekcii' sortiv pshenyci m’jakoi' ozymoi' stepovogo ekotypu u zv’jazku zi zminamy klimatu v umovah pivdnja ukrai'ny [Peculiarities of the selection of soft winter wheat varieties of the steppe ecotype in connection with climate changes in the conditions of southern Ukraine]. Visnyk agrarnoi' nauky [Herald of Agrarian Science]. no. 3 (816), pp. 53–62. DOI: 10.31073/ agrovisnyk202103-07
26. Samojlyk, M.O., Ustynova, G.L., Lozins'kyj, M.V., Korhova, M.M., Ulich, O.L. (2023). Ocinka vrozhajnyh ta adaptyvnyh vlastyvostej novyh sortiv pshenyci m’jakoi' ozymoi' [Evaluation of yield and adaptive properties of new varieties of soft winter wheat]. Visnyk agrarnoi' nauky [Herald of Agrarian Science]. no. 2 (839), pp. 34–42. DOI: 10.31073/ agrovisnyk202302-05

 

Download this article: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon kumanska_1-2023.pdf487.49 KB
YEAR: 
2023
AGROBIOLOGY №1 2023