You are here

The eroded slopes alkalization peculiarities in southern part of western Forest Steppe

 

A significant part of arable lands on slopes is subject to removal from active processing, and to alkalization with perennial herbs. We know that the most productive are those agro-phytocenoses, forming based on a single-species sowing of alfalfa (Lucerne), and its mixture with perennial cereal grasses. However, the restrictive factor of forming alfalfa-cereal grasslands high productivity is the soil solution acid reaction. The research carried out in 2017–2020 showed that lime application has significantly affected the soil solution reaction. Almost in all variants with liming, the values approached neutral. Besides, the soil liming was an effective factor of the researched grasslands productivity increase. So, a herbal mixture: red clover + alfalfa + timothy grass, on the background without liming and introducing phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, averagely for 2017–2020 has provided the output of 5,93 t/ ha of dry matter. On deacidified plots, the given herbal mixture productivity has increased to 7,52 t/ha of dry matter. The combination of soil liming and phosphorus-potassium fertilizers application has supplied the maximum dry matter output from the herbal mixture: red clover + alfalfa + smooth bromegrass – 8,66 t/ha, which exceeded by 27,5 % the unfertilized variant. The soil chemical melioration and phosphorus-potassium fertilizers application have proved to be the important factors of increasing the leguminous components part in the botanical component of a green mass yield. Particularly, in the most productive herbal mixture: red clover + alfalfa + smooth bromegrass, on the limed and fertilized background, a leguminous component part in the first and second mowings has increased by 20,9 and 17,4 %, respectively. Thus, the legume-cereal grasslands averagely for the first four years of usage provide the 5,93–8,66 t/ ha dry matter output, containing 32–63,8 % of a leguminous component. The soil chemical melioration, as well as phosphorus-potassium fertilizers application have increased the legume-cereal grasslands productivity by 27,5–27,9 %, and enlarged the leguminous components part by 17,4–20,9 %.

Key words: sloping lands, soil liming, herbal mixture, alfalfa (Lucerne), timothy grass, smooth bromegrass, productivity, botanical composition.

 

Reference: 
1. Bogovіn, A.V., Ptashnіk, M.M., Dudnik, S.V. (2017). Vіdnovlennja produktivnih, ekologіchno stіjkih trav'janistih bіogeocenozіv na antropotransformovanih edafotopah: monografіja [Restoration of productive, ecologically stable herbaceous biogeocenoses on anthropotransformed edaphotopes]. Kyiv, Center for Educational Literature, 357 р.
2. Bohovin, A.V., Ptashnyk, M.M., Dudnyk, S.V. (2012). Ekologo-bіologіchna struktura і produktivnіst' trav'janistih cenozіv za rіznih sposobіv i'h vіdtvorennja na viluchenih z obrobіtku ornih zemljah [Ecological and biological structure and productivity of grass cenoses in different ways of their reproduction on arable lands withdrawn from cultivation]. Bіoresursi і prirodokoristuvannja [Bioresources and nature management]. Vol. 4, no. 3–4, рр. 57–62. Available at: http://nbuv.gov.ua/ UJRN/bpc_2012_4_3-4_11.
3. Kovalenko, V.P., Kovbasjuk, P.U. (2015). Urozhajnіst' ljucerno-zlakovogo travostoju zalezhno vіd chastki ljucerni ta udobrennja v umovah Pravoberezhnogo Lіsostepu Ukrai’ni [Productivity of alfalfa-cereal grassland depending on the proportion of alfalfa and fertilizer in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine]. Vіsnik HNAU Roslinnictvo, selekcіja і nasіnnictvo, plodoovochіvnictvo і zberіgannja [KHNAU Bulletin Crop production, selection and seed production, fruit and vegetable production and storage]. Issue 2, рр. 155–160.
4. Tsymbal, Ya.S., Kushchuk, M.A. (2019). Produktyvnist i kormova tsinnist liutserny porivniano z inshymy bahatorichnymy travamy [Productivity and nutritional value of alfalfa compared to other perennial grasses]. Visnyk ahrarnoi nauky [Bulletin of Agricultural Science]. no. 10 (799), pp. 24–31. Available at: https://doi.org/20.31073/agrovisnyk201910-04.
5. Olіfіrovich, V.O., Veklenko, Ju.A. (2021). Pіdvishhennja efektivnostі viroshhuvannja ljucerno-zlakovih ta ljadvencevo-zlakovih sumіshok na erodovanih shilah [Increasing the efficiency of cultivation of alfalfa-cereal and ryegrass-cereal mixtures on eroded slopes]. Kormi і kormovirobnictvo [Fodder and fodder production]. Issue 91, рр. 93–102.
6. Skuodien, R., Liatukien, A., Petrauskas G. (2023). Comparisonof Productivity and Agro-Biological Traitsof Alfalfa Populations Resistant to Mobile Al Grown on Acidic and Neutral Soils. Agronomy. no. 13, 156 p. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy13010156.
7. Kurgak, V., Degodjuk, E., Gavrish, Ja. (2022). Kormova produktivnіst' ljucerno-zlakovih agrocenozіv z rіznimi zlakovimi komponentami [Forage productivity of alfalfa-cereal agrocenoses with different cereal components]. Vіsnik agrarnoї nauki [Bulletin of Agricultural Science]. no. 3 (828), рр. 28–36. DOI: 10.31073/agrovisnyk202203-04
8. Cygans'kyj, V.I. (2020). Dynamika gustoty roslyn ljucerny posivnoi' v period vegetacii' zalezhno vid optymizacii' tehnologichnyh pryjomiv vyroshhuvannja [The dynamics of the density of seeded alfalfa plants during the growing season depending on the optimization of technological methods of cultivation]. Sil's'ke gospodarstvo ta lisivnyctvo [Agriculture and forestry]. no. 18, рр. 59–68. DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2020-3-5
9. Tkachuk, R.O. (2018). Formuvannja vrozhajnosti lystosteblovoi' masy ljucerny posivnoi' zalezhno vid rezhymiv skoshuvannja travostoju ta rivnja udobrennja v umovah Lisostepu Pravoberezhnogo [The formation of the yield of leaf-stem mass of alfalfa seed depending on the mowing regimes of the grass stand and the level of fertilization in the conditions of the Pravoberezhny Forest Steppe]. Peredgirne ta girs'ke zemlerobstvo i tvarynnyctvo [Foothill and mountain agriculture and animal husbandry]. no. 64, рр. 144– 154. DOI: 10.32636/01308521.2018-(64)-12
10. Kurgak, V.G., Panasjuk, S.C. (2021). Produktyvnist' bagatorichnyh bobovyh trav v odnovydovyh i sumisnyh iz stokolosom bezostym kormovyh agrofitocenozah [Productivity of perennial leguminous grasses in monospecies and compatible with thornless forage agrophytocenoses]. Zemlerobstvo ta roslynnyctvo: teorija i praktyka [Agriculture and crop production: theory and practice]. Issue 1, рр. 54–65.
11. Buhaiov, V.D., Mamalyha, V.S., Horenskyi, V.M., Maksimov, A.M. (2014). Ocinka ta stvorennja vyhidnogo materialu dlja selekcii' ljucerny posivnoi' v umovah pidvyshhenoi' kyslotnosti g'runtiv [Evaluation and creation of source material for alfalfa breeding in conditions of high soil acidity]. Faktory eksperymentalnoi evoliutsii orhanizmiv [Factors in Experimental Evolution of Organisms]. Vol. 15, рр. 153–155.
12. Getman, N.Ja., Cigans'kij, V.І. (2014). Produktivnіst' ljucerni posіvnoi' zalezhno vіd vapnuvannja ґruntu ta obrobki nasіnnja v umovah Lіsostepu pravoberezhnogo [Productivity of alfalfa sowing depending on soil liming and seed treatment in conditions of the right-bank forest-steppe]. Vіsnik Sums'kogo nacіonal'nogo agrarnogo unіversitetu. Agronomіja і bіologіja [Bulletin of the Sumy National Agrarian University. Agronomy and Biology]. no. 3 (27), рр. 137–141.
13. Getman, N.Ja., Tsyhanskyi, V.I., Demydas, H.I., Kvitko, M.G. (2017). Shliakhy pidvyshchennia produktyvnosti liutserny posivnoi v umovakh Lisostepu Pravoberezhnoho [Ways to improve the productivity of alfalfa sowing in the forest-steppe of the Right Bank]. Kormy i kormovyrobnytstvo [Feeds and Feed Production]. Issue 83, рр. 46–51.
14. Petrychenko, V.F., Hetman, N.Ya., Tsyhanskyi, V.I. (2018). Ljucerna posivna jak stabilizuval'nyj chynnyk intensyfikacii' kormovyrobnyctva [Lucerne sowing as a stabilizing factor in the intensification of fodder production]. Visnyk ahrarnoi nayky [Bulletin of Agricultural Science]. no. 10, рр. 19–26. DOI: 10.31073/ agrovisnyk201810-03
15. Рetrychenko, V., Hetman, N., Veklenko, Yu. (2020). Obgruntuvannia produktyvnosti liutserny posivnoi za tryvaloho vykorystannia travostoiu v umovakh zminy klimatu [Substantiation of alfalfa productivity for long-term use of grass in the conditions of climate change]. Visnyk ahrarnoi nauky [Bulletin of agrarian science]. no. 3, рр. 20–26. DOI: 10.31073/ agrovisnyk202003-03
16. Getman, N.Ja., Kvіtko, M.G., Cigans'kij, V.І. (2021). Ljucerna posіvna [Alfalfa sowing]. Vinnitsa, Works, 428 p.
17. Dugalić, G., Gajić, B., Bokan, N., Jelić, M., Tomić, Z., Dragović R. (2012). Liming increases alfalfa yield and crude protein content in an acidic silty loam soil. African Journal of Biotechnology. Vol. 11 (53), pp. 11552–11558. DOI: 10.5897/AJB12.811.
18. Stevovi, ́c V., Ðurovi, ́c D., Ðuki, ́c D., Lazarevi ́, c B., Tomi, ́c D. (2019). Alfalfa response to low soil pH and liming. In Proceedings of the XII International Symposium on Forage Crops of Republic of Serbia, Biotechnology in Animal Husbandary. Kruševac, Serbia, pp. 261–268.
19. Dugali, ́c G., Gaji, ́c B.; Kati, ́c S., Stevovi, ́c V. (2008). Influence of lining on yield and chemical composition of alfalfa on acid soils. Cereal. Res. Commun. no. 36, pp. 995–998.
20. Jakist' g'runtu. Vyznachennja aktyvnoi' kyslotnosti. DSTU 7862: 2015. [Soil quality. Determination of active acidity. Valid from 2016-07-01]. Kyiv, UkrNDNC, 2016, 9 p.
21. Babych, A.O. (1994). Metodyka provedennia doslidiv po kormovyrobnytstvu [Methods of conducting experiments on feed production]. Vinnytsia, 96 p.
22. Shevchenko, M.S., Desyatnik, L.M. (2019). Smart metody upravlinnja rodjuchistju g'runtiv: navchal'nyj posibnyk dlja aspirantiv special'nosti 201 – Agronomija [Smart methods of soil fertility management: a study guide for graduate students of specialty 201 – Agronomy]. Dnipro, DU IZK NAAN, 176 p.
23. Tkachenko, M.A., Kondratyuk, I.M., Boris, N.E. (2019). Himichna melioracija kyslyh g'runtiv: monografija [Chemical reclamation of acid soils]. Vinnytsia, LLC WORKS, 318 p.

 

Download this article: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon olifirovich_1_2023.pdf416.95 KB