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Economic efficiency of cultivation of white mustard in the conditions of Western Forest-steppe region
Presents the results of studies on the impact of growth, development and formation of seed productivity of white mustard depending on a composition of the seeds, timing of sowing, seed rate and seed treatment by crop growth regulator "Vermybiomah" in a dose of 8 l/ha. On the basis of the results gained from the calculation of economic efficiency of the white mustard cultivation, we found that seeding rates have a significant effect on the yield of white mustard, we also found economic indicators, such as the cost of one ton of seeds, in order to obtain income and profitability. So, on the variant, where they made the sowing of white mustard of Pidpecheretska variety with a seeding rate of 1,5 million/ha, conditionally net income was 7530 uah., that was 1370 uah./ha more than when sowing 1,0 million/ha and 3120 uah. options above indicate with a seeding rate of 2,5 million/ha. Level of profitability in this case counted to 194,6 %, that 58,5 % more than when sowing 1,0 million/ha and a 75,7 % increase in planting 2,5 million/ha of viable seeds. The cost of one ton of seeds of white mustard was 1697 uah., that 420,0 uah. less in comparison with variant 1,0 million/ha and spent 1646 uah. less than when planting 2,5 million/ha.
On the variant, where was made the sowing of white mustard 2,0 million/ha, conditionally net income was 6275 uah./ha, that was 1115 uah./ha more in comparison with a seeding rate of 1,0 million/ha and at 2765 uah./ha more than with the seeding rate of 2,5 million/ha. Level of profitability was 164 %, which is 27,9 % higher than with the seeding rate of 1,0 million/ha and 45,1 uah./ha more (with planting 2,5 million/ha), respectively.
The cost was decreased in comparison with the variant where were calculated 1,0 million/ha 223 uah./t and 439 uah./t when planting 2,5 million/ha.
The best economic indicators were on the variant, where was made the sowing of white mustard Podolyanka variety with a seeding rate of 1,5 and 2,0 million/ha. Conventionally pure income when planting 1,5 million/ha was at 1700 uah./ha higher, with the norm 1,0 million/ha and 3506 uah./ha, compared with a seeding rate of 2,5 million/ha with sowing 2,0 million/ha when it was at 1334 uah/ha with a seeding rate of 1,0 million/ha and 3426 uah/ha compared with a previous seeding rate of 2,5 million/ha.
The cost of white mustard with the seeding rate of 1,5 million/ha decreased in 496 uah./ha, compared with a seeding rate of 1,0 million/ha decreased 436 uah./ha, compared with a seeding rate of white mustard 2,5 million/ha. With the seeding rate of 2,0 million/ha cost decreased in 223 uah./ha, compared with a seeding rate of 1,0 million/ha and 369 uah./ha, compared with a seeding rate of white mustard 2,5 million/ha.
Economic performance was significantly influenced by time of sowing, and processing of the studied varieties of white mustard by crops growth regulator "Vermybiomah".
Data suggests that the economic efficiency of cultivation of white mustard seeds largely depended on the level of productivity, which was formed at the studied varieties depending on sowing time and processing the plant by growth regulator "Vermybiomah" during the growing season.
The best indicators are pure income and profitability of seed production were in early spring sowing (first term) of white mustard and processing of crops by growth regulator "Vermybiomah" in a dose of 8 l/ha. So, during the first term of sowing white mustard and processing of crops by growth regulator "Vermybiomah" in a dose of 8 l/ha pure income from variety Podolyanka was 9124 uah./ha, that was 4319 uah./ha more than in the third term and 2491 uah./ha more than in the second term of sowing. The level of profitability during the first term of sowing and processing of crops by growth regulator "Vermybiomah" in a dose of 8 l/ha was 235,4 %, and 61,6 % more than in the second term of sowing and 108,8 % more than in the third term of sowing.
Key words: white mustard, variety, sowing time, seed rate, plant growth regulator, seed productivity, economic efficiency.
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