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Methods for creation and hybridization potential of sugar beet multi-sprout pollinators of different genetic structure in selection for heterosis

The aim of the research was to study the creation methods and hybridization potential of sugar beet multi-sprout pollinators of different genetic structure in selection for heterosis. It has been established that the dynamics of productivity traits manifestation in multi-sprout pollinators of sugar beet of different levels of homozygosity is determined by the methods of their creation and genetic control of the corresponding trait. The highest manifestation of inbreeding depression in the process of close-related reproduction was observed for the trait of root crop yield. When using moderate inbreeding, it decreased to 89.4 % of the original population. The highest basic root crops yield was in pollinators formed using recurrent selection (98.1 %). The sugar content in root crops of multi-sprout pollinators by all methods of creation was within the initial populations (99.6–99.8 %). The average sugar yield per unit area, depending on the method, varied within 89.4–98.2 %. The results of variety testing of experimental sugar beet hybrids indicate that the most productive hybrids were obtained on the basis of multi-sprout pollinators formed by the methods of moderate inbreeding and recurrent selection. The best multi-sprout pollinators and the most productive hybrids were obtained on the basis of populations of productive (E) and normal (N) directions of productivity (BZ 15F/7, BZ 1729/3 and BZ 33/5). They are valuable for breeding practice as donors of important breeding and genetic traits. Moderate inbreeding and recurrent selection for general combinative ability are effective methods for creating new genotypes of polyploid pollinators with varying levels of homozygosity. These pollinators increase the productivity of sterile hybrids by 8-11 %. Population materials of high-yielding (E) and normal (N) types of productivity are more effective as source material for the formation of new genotypes of multi-stem pollinators.

Key words: sugar beet, source material, multishoot pollinator, hybrid, moderate inbreeding, multiple individual-family selection, recurrent selection, heterosis, hybridization potential, productivity

Trush S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0968-6358


Parfenіuk O. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2348-4904


L. Balanyuk


Tatarchuk V. https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0380-8771


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2025
AGROBIOLOGY №2 2025