The article highlights the ecological evaluation assessment of the surface runoff in the urban and rural catchments at the populated territories. The surface runoff peculiarities formation of the different origin and water quality indices have been explored in Zhytomyr and Strygivka catchments, from which water gets to the hydrological network and reservoirs.

The surface runoff coefficients have been determined in the different urban catchments that are different according to their structure: private buildings areas with household plots, pig complexes, AGF “Edelveis”, motorways with paved and sealed cover within settlements.

The rainfall and melt-water composition of the surface runoff in the urban and rural catchments at the populated territories with different infrastructure has been systematized depending on the anthropogenic load of the surface runoff. The storm water composition list of the main pollutants has been specified in the surface runoff.

 It has been found that pollution of the rainfall and water-melt (except suspended solids concentration in the runoff) is not significantly different: in average the water-melt runoff is higher in 2,2 times than in the rain fall runoff (330,5 mg/L and 150,0 mg/L, respectively). Hydro chemical parameters of the melting runoff with average indices for the last 5 years overcame MPC: according to COD basins for cultural and household usage (MPC=30 mgO₂/L), for petroleum products (MPC=0,3 mg/L) and suspended solids (MPC=0,75 mg/L).

The concentration of the surface runoff pollutants is the most toxic in fall and winter, the least – in spring and summer. These characteristics are related to both climatic features of the terrain and the territories with technological regime.

It has been established that surface runoff coefficient in the areas of private buildings with small holdings, pig farms, roads with paved and sealed cover within the village is equal to: 0,29 ± 0,01; 0,91 ± 0,1 and 0,41 ± 0,04 according to the coefficient that varies from 12 to 15 %. The research results give an opportunity to generalize outwash and runoff coefficients in three structurally different areas.

 It has been proved that outwash of the solid part at private homes with household plots is 2,34 ± 0,34; on the roads with paved and sealed cover within the village – 0,72 ± 0,08; at the pig farm territory -1,70 ± 0,03 t ha^-1

The Turbidity of flow as the main indicator of outwash quantity evaluation with paved and sealed roads cover within the village has a value 0,91 ± 0,11 g L^-1, which is in two times higher than the pig farm area (0,43 ± 0,02 g L^-1) and it is in three times higher than the private area of household plots 0,29 ± 0,01 g L^-1. The average value for the outwash has too high variable level – 31-43 %, and the value for the turbidity of runoff varies from 14 to 18 %.

On the basis of our own research we suggest a protection system for urban and rural populated territories aimed to lessen pollution and repeated risk pollution in the rivers and water reservoirs.

Key words: ecology, pollution, catchment, surface runoff, landscape.